Process for converting waste plastics to refining feedstock. The process includes conducting pyrolysis of a plastic feedstock comprising waste plastics to produce a liquid stream of plastic pyrolysis oil; directly feeding the liquid stream of plastic pyrolysis oil to an adsorption based purification process to generate a treated plastic pyrolysis oil stream; and collecting the treated plastic pyrolysis oil stream from the adsorption vessel for further processing into value added products as a feedstock for conventional refining processes. The adsorption based purification process includes contacting the liquid stream of plastic pyrolysis oil with one or more adsorbent materials in an adsorption vessel, the adsorbent materials with at least one of the one or more adsorbent materials being configured for adsorption of organic molecules having heteroatoms of each of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine. Such system may be integrated with a conventional refinery.

A smoking article is provided that includes an aerogel, which can be optionally impregnated with a catalytic metal compound or can optionally be coated with at least one aerosol-forming material and a flavoring agent. The smoking article comprises various segments such as a heat generation segment, an aerosol-generation segment, and a mouth end. The aerogel can be placed near or within any of these segments. The presence of the aerogel can reduce the concentration of certain gaseous components of mainstream smoke generated during use of a smoking article incorporating a heat generation segment containing a fuel element.

Provided is an electrochemical cell comprising a working electrode and a counter electrode. The working electrode comprises an electrode base material, a CO.sub.2 adsorbent, and a binder. Application of a voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode causes electrons to be supplied from the counter electrode to the working electrode, and enables the CO.sub.2 adsorbent to bind to CO.sub.2 as electrons are supplied. The binder has electrical conductivity, and the CO.sub.2 adsorbent is held in the electrode base material by the binder.

There is provided herein a method for preparing a graphene oxide (GO) hydrogel. The method comprises the steps of adding vitamin C (VC) to a dispersion GO in a ratio GO:VC varying from 1:50 to 1:300; and incubating at a temperature above 45° C., preferably at 95° C. the dispersion for a time sufficient for a porous hydrogel to be self-assembled from the dispersion. CNPs can also be added to the hydrogel in a ratio GO:CNPs from 4:1 to 1:1. There is also provided the hydrogel so obtained and its use for removing contaminants from a fluid. The hydrogel can also be used as a filter for such decontamination.

Water-absorbent resin particles in which a gel outflow proportion is 0% to 20% are disclosed. The gel outflow proportion is measured by a method including: measuring a mass W (g) of 20 g of a swollen gel flowed out from a through hole of a disc while the swollen gel is compressed by a weight of 2000 g for 30 seconds, where the swollen gel is formed by allowing the water-absorbent resin particles to absorb physiological saline; and calculating the gel outflow proportion (%) by the following formula.

Gel outflow proportion (%)=(W/20)×100

Solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents and liquid chromatography (LC) stationary phases are provided, as well as methods of fabricating the same. The SPE sorbents and LC stationary phases can use microcrystalline cellulose particles as the substrate and sol-gel sorbent coating technology as the polymer/sorbent immobilization technology. The SPE sorbents and LC stationary phases are stable in a pH range of 1-13 and at a temperature of up to 350 ° C.

A water-absorbent resin (21) has a shape in which a plurality of particles (40) having a substantially spherical shape is connected in a chain shape.

A method includes forming a carbon aerogel on a substrate to produce a highly adsorptive structure. The carbon aerogel is characterized by having physical characteristics of in-situ formation on the substrate.

A process for separations and recovery from mixtures via specific adsorption using high-surface area, flexible silica-based nanostructured gel adsorbents and articles of manufacture relating to same.

Beads of materials such as activated alumina, zeolite and silica gel, are used as chloride salt absorbers. The beads are mixed with high-salt gypsum. After mixing for a short time, the mixtures are dried, and the beads and the powder are separated by using a sieve or other physical separation device resulting in a low-salt gypsum which can be used as a gypsum source to make gypsum wallboard.