Devices for the separation of components within a fluid are disclosed herein. The device typically includes layers of spacers and separation surfaces. The separation panels have channels with functionalized surfaces to attract and retain components within the fluid. The separation panels include a border (housing) to constrain the fluid.

A first filter material for water treatment comprising a first granulate containing calcium carbonate and a second granulate containing magnesium oxide, wherein the first and the second granulate each independently having a bulk density of 1.00 to 1.40 t/m.sup.3; a second filter material for water treatment comprising 55 to 85 wt. % of a first granulate containing calcium carbonate and 15 to 45 wt. % of a second granulate containing magnesium oxide, in each case based on the sum of the amounts of the first and the second granulate; a method for manufacturing the filter material; a filter containing the filter material; a use of the filter material for treating water; and a water treatment method are described.

A dehumidifying element includes a plurality of sheets that have moisture adsorption and desorption properties and that are stacked on top of each another. At least some of the sheets each have an irregular shape. The sheets each contain a hygroscopic agent having properties of a re-moistening-type glue that exhibits adherence when adsorbing moisture and that solidifies when being dried. The sheets are bonded to each other by the hygroscopic agent.

An apparatus, system, and method for removing impurities from a non-aqueous electrolyte used in an electrochemical cell. The apparatus includes a vessel having one or more chambers with an inlet and an outlet configured to allow the flow of the electrolyte through the one or more chambers; and an inorganic scavenging agent located within the one or more chambers. The inorganic scavenging agent includes one or more types of zeolite particles, at least one type of absorbent filler particles, or a combination of the zeolite and absorbent filler particles. The inorganic scavenging agent absorbs one or more of moisture, free transition metal ions, or hydrogen fluoride (HF) that is present as impurities in the non-aqueous electrolyte.

Sorbent regeneration systems for use in dialysis machines are described. Sorbent regeneration cartridges may include a layer of urease, a layer of acid zirconium phosphate, and a layer of sodium zirconium phosphate. An apparatus for conducting dialysis may include a sorbent cartridge, and a dialyzer in fluid communication with the sorbent cartridge, wherein spent dialysate passes from the dialyzer to and through the sorbent cartridge, and wherein the sorbent cartridge comprises a layer of urease, a layer of acid zirconium phosphate, and a layer of sodium zirconium phosphate. The urease may be immobilized to or associated with a carrier.

A biological sample purification apparatus is described for purifying a protein from a cell, as well as methods of use of the purification apparatus, and systems comprising the same. The described apparatus comprises a housing comprising a top opening, a bottom opening, and a membrane positioned between said top opening and said bottom opening; and a purification media comprising diatomaceous earth and a resin, wherein the purification media is positioned between the membrane and the top opening; and wherein the purification media is optionally mixed and is substantially dry.

Ink compositions are provided for using solvent-based additive manufacturing (SBAM) techniques to form contactor structures and/or structures for use in an adsorption or absorption contactor. Methods forming a contactor using SBAM are also provided. The ink compositions can include a substantial content of adsorbent particles to provide enhanced adsorption by a contactor. Metal organic framework (MOF) structures and zeotype framework structures are examples of types of adsorbent particles that can be incorporated into an ink composition for forming a contactor structure by SBAM. The ink can further include a polymeric component that can serve as the structural component of a polymeric structural material produced by the additive manufacturing method. Such a structural material can correspond to a polymeric material with incorporated adsorbent particles. In some aspects, the polymeric structural material and/or the adsorbent particles can have selectivity for adsorption of CO.sub.2 from a process fluid flow.

There is provided a sorbent for removing metabolic waste products from a dialysis liquid, the sorbent comprising a layer of immobilized uremic toxin-treating enzyme particles intermixed with cation exchange particles.

A cartridge to be used for adsorption dialysis. A container having flexible walls are arranged to provide an inner space enclosing adsorption powder, comprising activated carbon, a phosphate adsorbent and a potassium ion adsorbent and other adsorbents. A sufficient amount of activated carbon is provided for adsorption of urea by the activated carbon. The cartridge forms a vacuum-packed transportation cartridge by generating a sub-pressure in the inner space, whereby the powder particles are immobilized and the cartridge becomes stiff. Before use, the cartridge is primed by introducing a liquid into the inner space, which introduction takes place at a low pressure. During use, dialysis solution is circulated through the cartridge, which is still exposed to a sub-pressure, whereby the flexible walls are sucked against the powder material. A peritoneal dialysis circuit comprises a filter, in which a primary circuit is formed with the filter and the peritoneal cavity and a secondary circuit is formed with the filter and the adsorbent cartridge.

A smart sand includes raw sand particles, synthetic SiO.sub.2 particles attached to the raw sand particles, a first material attached to a first set of the synthetic SiO.sub.2 particles, a second material attached to a second set of the synthetic SiO.sub.2 particles, and a third material attached to the first material. Each of the first to third materials is different from each other.