A variety of amphiphobic porous materials are provided. The materials can include a variety of porous frameworks that have an outer surface functionalized by a plurality of perfluoroalkyl moieties. By careful selection of appropriate perfluoralkyl moieties, hydrophobic properties can be imparted to the exterior surface of the porous materials without significantly impacting the wetting properties of the porous interior. This can be used to create a variety of highly amphiphobic porous materials. Methods of making and using the amphiphobic porous materials are also provided.

A method for producing a carbon fiber material is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of a) Preparation of a solution of polyacrylonitrile in a suitable organic solvent b) Electrospinning of the solution obtained in a) and drying of the obtained fiber material c) Crosslinking of the obtained fiber material by heating to 150 to 350° C. in an air or oxygen atmosphere for 1 to 30 h d) Carbonization of the obtained fiber material in an inert gas atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 500 to 2,500° C., characterized in that no silicon, sulfur, metal compounds, intermetallic compounds, silicon compounds and/or sulfur compounds are added to the polyacrylonitrile solution in step a) and that neither stabilization nor surface modification steps are carried out with the fiber material by treatment with chemical reagents and/or exposure to tensile stress.

Also disclosed is a carbon fiber material obtainable by the above process, as well as a carbon fiber material, characterized in that it has a proportion of ultramicropores V.sub.<0.4 nm of 0.01 to 10, more preferably 0.02 to 5, even more preferably 0.025 to 0.1, most preferably 0.03 to 0.06 cm.sup.3/g, determined by CO.sub.2 adsorption tests and evaluation with DFT and GC-MC simulation.

Disclosed are embodiments of a filter unit containing a water adsorbent material in the form of water adsorbent particles in a packed bed and a gas adsorbent material in the form of gas adsorbent particles in a packed bed. In embodiments, the gas adsorbent material is downstream from the water adsorbent material in a direction of operation. Further disclosed are methods of preparing and using the filter units.

A method for producing a purified fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion, which includes: (A) bringing a fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion obtained using a hydrocarbon surfactant into contact with an anion exchange resin A or a synthetic adsorbent. The anion exchange resin A has an ion-exchange group represented by the following general formula (A1):

—N+R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3X—

wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is an organic group having 3 or more carbon atoms; and X is a counter ion; or an ion-exchange group represented by the following general formula (A2):

—NR.sup.4R.sup.5

wherein each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom or an organic group, and at least one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an organic group having 2 or more carbon atoms.

The present invention provides that powder is mainly constituted from secondary particles of hydroxyapatite. The secondary particles are obtained by drying a slurry containing primary particles of hydroxyapatite and aggregates thereof and granulating the primary particles and the aggregates. A bulk density of the powder is 0.65 g/mL or more and a specific surface area of the secondary particles is 70 m.sup.2/g or more. The powder of the present invention has high strength and is capable of exhibiting superior adsorption capability when it is used for an adsorbent an adsorption apparatus has.

The present invention relates to the use of 2,5-furanedicarboxylate-based MOFs, such as, MIL-160(Al) metal-organic framework, for separating C6 alkane isomers into linear, mono-branched and di-branched isomers. The present invention also relates to the use of 2,5-furanedicarboxylate-based MOFs, such as, MIL-160(Al) metal-organic framework, preferably in combination with Zeolite 5A for producing higher research octane number gasoline blends. Also within the scope of the invention is a system for separating C6 and C5 alkane isomer mixtures into linear, mono-branched and di-branched fractions.

Activated carbon for removal of sulfur containing materials from fluids. The activated carbon has a high sulfur capacity and can be manufactured without the addition of a catalyst. Lignite is treated to provide an activated carbon with a high mesoporosity and total surface area. The starting material has a high ash content, such as greater than 10% by weight.

A blood purifier includes a porous molded body; exhibits an excellent blood compatibility wherein platelet adherence is inhibited and exhibits a good cytokine adsorption capacity and a low pressure loss before and after blood treatment; and can be safely used. A blood purifier includes a main vessel and a porous molded body housed in the main vessel. The porous molded body contains a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer. The amount of low-melting-point water per 1 g of dry weight of the porous molded body is 0.12 g to 2.00 g. The contact change ratio for the porous molded body is 0% to 0.2%. The ratio L/D is 1.00 to 2.30 where, for the region taken up by the porous molded body in the main vessel, L is the length in the flow direction and D is the circle-equivalent diameter of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction.

Porous zirconia particles exhibit high specificity to a protein to be immobilized thereto and are used in immobilization of the protein. The porous zirconia particles have a pore diameter D50, at which a ratio of a cumulative pore volume to a total pore volume is 50%, the pore diameter D50 being in a range of 3.20 nm or more and 6.50 nm or less; and a pore diameter D90, at which a ratio of a cumulative pore volume to a total pore volume is 90%, the pore diameter D90 being in a range of 10.50 nm or more and 100.00 nm or less. The total pore volume of the particles is greater than 0.10 cm.sup.3/g. D50, D90, and the total pore volume are determined based on a pore diameter distribution measured through a BET method.

An extracorporeal blood circulation device is provided with: a blood component adjuster; a blood purification device; a pipe system provided with a pump for supplying blood from a blood collecting part to the blood component adjuster, a valve for supplying a physiological saline solution, and a pressure gauge for sensing a pressure loss; a bypass pipe system for bypassing the blood component adjuster and supplying blood to the blood purification device; a pipe system for connecting the blood component adjuster and the blood purification device, the pipe system being provided with a pressure gauge for sensing a pressure loss; a pipe system provided with a valve for returning blood from the blood purification device to a reinfusion part and recovering the physiological saline solution, and a pressure gauge for sensing a pressure loss; and a control unit for switching to the bypass pipe system and switching to a reinfusion mode.