The invention relates to a monolithic porous material made of amorphous silica or activated alumina, comprising substantially rectilinear capillary channels that are parallel to one another, wherein: the channels have a substantially uniform cross-section relative to each other, the cross-section of each channel is regular over its entire length, the channels pass through the material from end to end, the length of the channels is equal to or more than 10 mm. The invention also relates to an annular, radial or axial chromatographic apparatus, the packing of which consists of at least one said monolithic material. The invention also relates to processes for manufacturing such a monolithic material.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography represented by Formula 1: [X](W).sub.a(Q).sub.b(T).sub.c (Formula 1). X can be a high purity chromatographic core composition having a surface comprising a silica core material, metal oxide core material, an inorganic-organic hybrid material or a group of block copolymers thereof. W can be absent and/or can include hydrogen and/or can include a hydroxyl on the surface of X. Q can be a functional group that minimizes retention variation over time (drift) under chromatographic conditions utilizing low water concentrations. T can include one or more hydrophilic, polar, ionizable, and/or charged functional groups that chromatographically interact with the analyte. Additionally, b and c can be positive numbers, with the ratio 0.05?(b/c)?100, and a?0.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring a polymer modification ratio, and more particularly, to a method for measuring a polymer modification ratio, which includes preparing a first solution by dissolving a polymer mixture containing a modified polymer and an unmodified polymer in a first solvent, injecting the first solution into a column filled with an adsorbent, adsorbing the modified polymer onto the adsorbent, and eluting the first solution in which the unmodified copolymer is dissolved, transferring the eluted first solution to a detector, injecting a second solvent into the column to elute the second solution in which the adsorbed modified polymer is dissolved, and transferring the eluted second solution to the detector.

The invention relates to a monolithic porous material based on amorphous silica or activated alumina or on one of their mixtures, the material comprising substantially rectilinear capillary ducts that lie parallel to one another, and being intended to be used as packing in a chromatography column, characterised in that: the ducts have, relative to one another, a substantially uniform cross section; the cross-section of each duct is uniform over its entire length; the ducts pass right through the material; the volume of micropores smaller than 0.3 nm is smaller than 50% of the total porous volume of the material.

The invention relates to a monolithic porous material based on amorphous silica or activated alumina or on one of their mixtures, the material comprising substantially rectilinear capillary ducts that lie parallel to one another, and being intended to be used as packing in a chromatography column, characterised in that: the ducts have, relative to one another, a substantially uniform cross section; the cross-section of each duct is uniform over its entire length; the ducts pass right through the material; the volume of micropores smaller than 0.3 nm is smaller than 50% of the total porous volume of the material.

The present disclosure relates to a method of separating a compound of interest, particularly unsaturated compound(s) of interest, from a mixture. The compound is separated using a column having a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography containing a first substituent and a second substituent. The first substituent minimizes compound retention variation over time under chromatographic conditions. The second substituent chromatographically and selectively retains the compound by incorporating one or more aromatic, polyaromatic, heterocyclic aromatic, or polyheterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups, each group being optionally substituted with an aliphatic group.

The present disclosure relates to a method of separating a compound of interest, particularly unsaturated compound(s) of interest, from a mixture. The compound is separated using a column having a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography containing a first substituent and a second substituent. The first substituent minimizes compound retention variation over time under chromatographic conditions. The second substituent chromatographically and selectively retains the compound by incorporating one or more aromatic, polyaromatic, heterocyclic aromatic, or polyheterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups, each group being optionally substituted with an aliphatic group.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for purifying the following fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) that is advantageous in production costs. The object is achieved by the method for purifying the fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents an organic group, R.sup.2 represents an organic group, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, ring A represents a fullerene ring, n represents a number of 1 or more, and when n is 2 or more, in one or more pairs of monocyclic moieties represented by the following partial formula: ##STR00002## one substituent selected from the group consisting of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 of one of the two monocyclic moieties is connected with one substituent selected from the group consisting of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 of the other of the two monocyclic moieties to form a tricyclic moiety, the method including step 1 of contacting a composition containing the fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) as a target product for purification and one or more impure fullerene compounds with an aluminum-containing inorganic porous adsorbent.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for purifying the following fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) that is advantageous in production costs. The object is achieved by the method for purifying the fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents an organic group, R.sup.2 represents an organic group, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group, ring A represents a fullerene ring, n represents a number of 1 or more, and when n is 2 or more, in one or more pairs of monocyclic moieties represented by the following partial formula: ##STR00002## one substituent selected from the group consisting of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 of one of the two monocyclic moieties is connected with one substituent selected from the group consisting of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 of the other of the two monocyclic moieties to form a tricyclic moiety, the method including step 1 of contacting a composition containing the fullerene derivative represented by formula (1) as a target product for purification and one or more impure fullerene compounds with an aluminum-containing inorganic porous adsorbent.

The present disclosure relates to a method of separating a compound of interest, particularly unsaturated compound(s) of interest, from a mixture. The compound is separated using a column having a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography containing a first substituent and a second substituent. The first substituent minimizes compound retention variation over time under chromatographic conditions. The second substituent chromatographically and selectively retains the compound by incorporating one or more aromatic, polyaromatic, heterocyclic aromatic, or polyheterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups, each group being optionally substituted with an aliphatic group. In some examples, the present disclosure can include a chromatographic system having a chromatographic column having a stationary phase with a chromatographic substrate containing silica, metal oxide, an inorganic-organic hybrid material, a group of block copolymers, or a combination thereof.