Methods of regenerating apatite surfaces, for example after purification of a target analyte. The methods include, for example, regeneration that can involve contacting the apatite solid surface with a buffered calcium solution and a zwitterionic buffer, then contacting the apatite solid surface with a phosphate buffered solution, and then contacting the apatite solid surface with a solution comprising a hydroxide.

The present disclosure relates to an onshore lithium-recovering device for a lithium ion adsorption and desorption process including a supply unit for supplying lithium-containing water in which lithium is dissolved, a composite unit, a washing unit, a desorbing liquid unit, an extract liquid unit, a pressure adjusting unit, a discharge unit, and a control unit. Therefore, the lithium adsorption means is moved onshore so it is possible to significantly reduce the plant installation cost and the operating cost as compared to the lithium recovery process that operates the conventional offshore plant.

A method of removing hydrogen interstitially dissolved within an object can include: positioning a sorption pad having a contact surface and comprising a sorptive material; urging the contact surface into metallurgical contact with the first target surface while at a treatment temperature that is greater than about 200 degrees Celsius; c) maintaining the metallurgical contact for a treatment period during which the hydrogen migrates from the target object to the sorptive material; and at the conclusion of the treatment period, separating the contact surface from the first target surface and moving the sorption pad and any hydrogen sequestered therein away from the object.

Processes and systems for upgrading a hydrocarbon. In some embodiments, the process for upgrading a hydrocarbon, can include contacting a gas that can include one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.4 hydrocarbons and carbonyl sulfide with a sorbent under conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of the carbonyl sulfide to sorb onto the sorbent to produce a treated gas lean in carbonyl sulfide and a sorbent rich in carbonyl sulfide. The process can also include contacting the sorbent rich in carbonyl sulfide with a regenerating gas that can include molecular hydrogen, one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.4 hydrocarbons, or a mixture thereof to produce a regenerated sorbent and a desorb effluent that can include a sulfur-based contaminant. The process can also include introducing at least a portion of the desorb effluent into a pyrolysis zone of a steam cracker and recovering a steam cracker effluent from the pyrolysis zone.

A method of transporting CO.sub.2 includes combining gaseous CO.sub.2 produced at a point of origin with a solid metal oxide salt and/or a solid metal hydroxide salt at the point of origin to form a solid metal carbonate salt that includes the CO.sub.2 from the point of origin and the metal from the metal oxide salt or the metal from the metal hydroxide salt. The method includes transporting the solid metal carbonate salt from the point of origin to a destination. The method also includes calcining the solid metal carbonate salt at the destination to generate gascous CO.sub.2 and to re-generate the solid metal oxide salt and/or the solid metal hydroxide salt.

This disclosure generally relates to at least one reusable module of a sorbent cartridge in a sorbent dialysis system and a method of using the same. One of the drawbacks of a conventional sorbent dialysis system is the high cost. In one aspect of the invention, the sorbent cartridge contains at least one module for optionally recharging sorbent materials in-line with an optional bypass and conduits for the sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have two or more modules that are connected to one another through connectors. The modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials contained in the modules can be recharged.

The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO.sub.2/H.sub.2O displacement desorption process. The sorbents include an aluminum oxide support that includes two alkali metal salts impregnated on the support. The two alkali metals include a potassium metal salts and a second alkali metal salt which is not potassium. The second metal salt disrupts poisoning effects that degrade sorbent lifetime. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO.sub.2 loadings and better H.sub.2O/CO.sub.2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO.sub.2/H.sub.2O displacement desorption process. The sorbent includes an aluminum oxide support and an alkali metal salt impregnated on the support. The support can be prepared by creating and extruding a dough to create an extrudate, which is then drying and calcined to form the support. Calcination temperatures can be between about 120 C. and 500 C., preferably about 200 C. to about 400 C. The sorbents demonstrate improved CO.sub.2 loadings and better H.sub.2O/CO.sub.2 ratios, as well as improved stability. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

The disclosure generally relates to CCS sorbents, particularly for CO.sub.2/H.sub.2O displacement desorption process. The sorbent includes an aluminum oxide support and an alkali metal salt impregnated on the support, and a silicon modification of the sorbent to reduce water uptake by the sorbent and make it more hydrophobic. The silicon modification can be an organosilyl moiety added after the initial sorbent is complete, or a silica source added to the aluminum oxide structure, typically via impregnation. The sorbents demonstrate better H.sub.2O/CO.sub.2 ratios. Compositions and methods of making are disclosed.

A system for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a flue gas generated via combusting a fossil fuel is provided. The system includes a calcination chamber and a sealing-purger. The calcination chamber is configured to receive a plurality of loaded sorbent particles and a plurality of heat-transferring particles such that the loaded sorbent particles are heated within the calcination chamber so as to release carbon dioxide. The sealing-purger includes at least one gravity driven moving particle bed. The at least one gravity driven moving particle bed allows the plurality of heat-transferring particles or the plurality of sorbent particles to enter or leave the calcination chamber while restricting the flue gas from entering the calcination chamber and the released carbon dioxide particles from leaving the calcination chamber.