A process is developed wherein sodium carbonate is reclaimed from Trona-treated fly ash waste stream, and the fly ash rendered suitable for use as a Pozzolan. The process is a closed system wherein all separated aspects of the waste stream are reused by the generating power plant or offered as a commercial product.

Methods for removing a target anion entity, such as a phosphate ion, from fluids by treating the fluid with a substrate containing an immobilized rare earth, the substrate being either a first loaded substrate including a first immobilized cationic rare earth, the first loaded substrate being formed by precipitating a rare earth in a clay such that the rare earth is fixed inside a porous structure of the clay and/or fixed on the surface of the clay; or a second loaded substrate comprising a second immobilized cationic rare earth that is bonded to the second loaded substrate via a chelating ligand.

Disclosed is a CO.sub.2 concentration reducing device for separating and removing CO.sub.2 from a gas containing CO.sub.2 with a CO.sub.2 adsorbent, the CO.sub.2 concentration reducing device including: an adsorbent container which contains the CO.sub.2 adsorbent; and a heating unit which heats the CO.sub.2 adsorbent by an induction heating or a dielectric heating. Thus, a ventilation quantity can be reduced when CO.sub.2 accumulated in a room is removed, and an electric power required for the ventilation and the electric power required for air conditioning can be reduced.

A process is provided to remove impurities including water, mercaptans, carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon streams containing from 100 to 900 ppm light olefins. In the process, a compound bed containing multiple layers of molecular sieves is used to remove the specific impurities. In situations when the regeneration gas may contain sulfur compounds, a sulfur guard bed may be used to treat the regeneration gas prior to regenerating the compound adsorbent bed.

A four-axial-fins fixed bed reactor for use with calcium aluminate carbonates CO.sub.2 sorbents is provided. The four-axial-fins fixed bed reactor includes a tubular reactor and a four-axial-fins tube. The tubular reactor has a tubular reactor inner wall. The four-axial-fins tube is disposed in the tubular reactor, wherein the four-axial-fins tube includes a tube and four axial fins. The tube has a tube outer wall. An annular space is formed between the tube and the tubular reactor. The four axial fins extend along the radial direction of the tubular reactor from the tube outer wall to connect the tubular reactor inner wall, wherein the annular space is equally divided by the four axial fins.

Disclosed are embodiments of a method of regenerating a desiccant in an off-line treater of a polyolefin production process. The method may include a heating phase followed by a cooling phase. The heating phase may involve use of a regenerating gas made from heating a treated a recycle stream of the polyolefin production process to regenerate desiccant in an off-line treater. The cooling phase may involve thermosyphoning the regenerating gas, nitrogen, an olefin-free diluent, or combinations thereof in a closed-convection loop of the off-line treater.

Systems and methods for direct air capture of carbon dioxide or other gases utilize a calcium sorbent in a manner that allows for wide scale, relatively low cost implementation. In particular, a calcium sorbent may be provided as a substantially thin coating on one or more substrates and utilized for direct air capture of carbon dioxide through chemisorption. The carbonated sorbent may be disposed of for sequestration of the carbon dioxide or regenerated with capture of carbon dioxide released from the carbonated sorbent during the regeneration process.

The present invention discloses an electrified fiber sorbent formed from a support comprising a sorbent and a conductive material, and a manufacturing method therefor. The fiber sorbent according to the present invention is capable of efficiently adsorbing a relatively low concentration of carbon dioxide, particularly, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and an energy efficiency is good because the energy source required for desorption of carbon dioxide is free, and direct heating of the sorbent is possible.

An amine-functionalized adsorbent and a method for preparing the same are provided. The amine-functionalized adsorbent includes a metal-organic framework (MOF) material and polymeric amine, the crystal structure of the MOF material is a three-dimensional cage-like pore structure, and the polymeric amine is loaded inside the three-dimensional cage-like pore structure. The amine-functionalized adsorbent has high adsorption capacity and rapid adsorbing speed of carbon dioxide at room temperature.

The disclosure relates to a system (10) for recovering lithium from lithium-containing fluids. It is provided that the system (10) comprises a first container (12) which contains a first sorbent (14) which is designed to bind lithium ions by adsorption, that the system (10) comprises a second container (16) which contains a second sorbent (18) which is designed to bind lithium ions by exchanging hydrogen ions for lithium ions, and that a fluid outlet of the first container (12) is fluidically connected to a fluid inlet of the second container (16).