A polyamine including a ring-containing polyamine having a piperazine ring. At least one of two nitrogen atoms of the piperazine ring is bonded to a chain substituent represented by -(A1-NR1).sub.m-X, where m represents an integer of 2 to 50, A1 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a plurality of A1 may be identical or different from each other, R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a plurality of R1 may be identical or different from each other, and at least one R is a hydrogen atom or an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Extraction media for removal, concentration, and recovery of PFAS from contaminated materials in fluorous biphasic and/or multiphasic systems and related methods. The systems may include a fluorous functionalized solid support and a fluorous fractionation reactor permitting PFAS separation for targeted recovery. Extraction mediums comprise a polyelectrolyte with carbon dioxide/supercritical carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2/scCO.sub.2) with additional possible reagent modifiers that permit miscibility switches and compatibility with NSF/ANSI certifications. The extraction medium may include modifiers to enhance targeted recovery, such as F-solvents and/or organic carrier solvents. The disclosed systems and methods permit advantages such as 1) reduced sensitivity to PFAS-impacted phase co-contaminants such as competing anionic species and/or organic contaminants, 2) simple contact reactor retrofits, 3) enhanced removal of ultra- and/or short chain PFAS, 4) enhanced uniformity of matrix chemistry for downstream waste/wastewater management processes, and 5) the ability to recover valuable PFAS from waste/wastewater for processes that are dependent on their chemistry.

An active catalyst for ammonia synthesis is integrated with a specialty sorbent in a composition or composite, such that the catalyst portion and the sorbent portion are in direct intimate contact, which overcomes the thermodynamic limits for conversion. The sorbent may comprise a metal halide absorbent, zeolite adsorbent, other material absorbents or adsorbents, to capture ammonia as it is produced in intimate or near molecular contact with the catalyst, wherein the composition/composite may be provided in the form of a granular or pellet structure. By removing ammonia essentially as it forms, the forward reaction for producing ammonia can continue nearly unabated such that high net conversion can be achieved in a single pass or cumulative within segmented reactors as operated in series.

Metal organic framework compositions and methods for acid gas capture from elevated temperature (70 to 370 C.) gas streams like those found in steel and cement manufacturing processes that require energy-intensive cooling prior to feasible CO.sub.2 capture are disclosed. The metal-hydride frameworks ZnH-MFU-4l (Zn.sub.5H.sub.4(btdd).sub.3; H.sub.2btdd=bis(1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b],[4,5-i])dibenzo[1,4]dioxin)) and ZnH-CFA-1 (Zn.sub.5H.sub.4(bibta).sub.3, where ZnH-CFA-1=Zn.sub.5H.sub.4(bibta).sub.3; H.sub.2(bibta)=1H,1H-5,5-bibenzo[d][1,2,3]triazole demonstrate steep CO.sub.2 uptake between 150 C. and 300 C. at low partial pressures, indicating strong sorbent-interactions with the framework through a metal-ligand insertion process.

Discloses herein is an activated metal-organic framework of formula as defined in the application, and the metal organic framework has a BET surface area of from 250 to 1,000 m.sup.2/g as obtained from a 298 K CO.sub.2 sorption isotherm. In a particular embodiment, the activated metal-organic framework is aluminium formate (Al(HCOO).sub.3) or vanadium formate (V(HCOO).sub.3).

A system and method for separating Kr gas from Xe gas utilizing natural clinoptilolite. The method includes separating Kr gas from Xe gas by selectively adsorbing Kr gas. The method includes providing a vessel comprising a Kr adsorbent bed comprising a natural clinoptilolite adsorbent. A feed gas comprising Kr gas and Xe gas is exposed to the Kr adsorbent bed for a residence time to selectively adsorb sufficient Kr gas from the feed gas to form a Xe enriched gas raffinate product. The Xe enriched gas raffinate product is removed from the vessel. Thereafter, the Kr adsorbent bed is regenerated to release a Kr enriched gas extract product.

A bi-metallic coordination polymer comprising a transition metal and an alkaline earth metal is provided. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a coordination polymer comprising a plurality of two-dimensional sheets, wherein the two-dimensional sheets arranged in parallel and comprising a plurality of transition metal cations coordinated by carboxylate-bearing ligands; and a plurality of pillars, wherein each pillar connects two adjacent two-dimensional sheets, and wherein each pillar is comprised of an alkaline earth metal coordinated to at least one -diketonate moiety.

The present disclosure generally relates to a microporous aerogel, processes for preparing a microporous aerogel, and applications for the microporous aerogel. The present disclosure also generally relates to an apparatus for capturing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream or from the atmosphere, the apparatus comprising a microporous aerogel for selectively adsorbing and desorbing the carbon dioxide.