A catalyst composition includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons includes contacting in a reactor system a carbon-containing feedstock with at least one catalyst in the presence of oxygen to generate olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; and collecting the olefinic and/or aromatic compounds; wherein: the at least one catalyst includes a metal catalyst dispersed in a molten eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides. A process for preparing the catalyst includes mixing metal catalyst precursors selected from transition metal compounds and rare-earth metal compounds and a eutectic mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or hydroxides and heating it. A use of the catalyst in the catalytic cracking process of hydrocarbons.

Described herein are catalysts and methods for converting waste biogas (e.g., a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane) into useful products. In some embodiments, the biogas is converted into a highly purified methane, that can be further processed to generate fuel products, including recycled natural gas (RNG) and liquid fuels. The described catalysts and methods may be advantageous over conventional methods, including by reducing catalyst costs, decreasing temperature requirements and/or providing higher purity products by reducing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in product streams.

A material synthesis method may comprise: adding at least one liquid precursor solution to an atomizer device; generating by the atomizer device an aerosol comprising liquid droplets; transporting the aerosol to a reactive zone for evaporating one or more solvents from the aerosol; and collecting particles synthesized from at least evaporating the aerosol.

A material synthesis method may comprise: adding at least one liquid precursor solution to an atomizer device; generating by the atomizer device an aerosol comprising liquid droplets; transporting the aerosol to a reactive zone for evaporating one or more solvents from the aerosol; and collecting particles synthesized from at least evaporating the aerosol.

A method for producing a hydrogen rich gas from a heavy hydrocarbon feed comprising the steps of introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a reactor, the reactor comprising a low temperature reforming catalyst, the low temperature reforming catalyst comprising an amount of praseodymium, 12 wt % nickel, and an aluminum oxide component, contacting the low temperature reforming catalyst with the hydrocarbon feed in the reactor, wherein the reactor operates at a temperature between 500° C. and 600° C., wherein the reactor operates at a pressure between 3 bar and 40 bar, and producing the hydrogen rich gas over the low temperature reforming catalyst, wherein the hydrogen rich gas comprises hydrogen.

A method for producing a hydrogen rich gas from a heavy hydrocarbon feed comprising the steps of introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a reactor, the reactor comprising a low temperature reforming catalyst, the low temperature reforming catalyst comprising an amount of praseodymium, 12 wt % nickel, and an aluminum oxide component, contacting the low temperature reforming catalyst with the hydrocarbon feed in the reactor, wherein the reactor operates at a temperature between 500° C. and 600° C., wherein the reactor operates at a pressure between 3 bar and 40 bar, and producing the hydrogen rich gas over the low temperature reforming catalyst, wherein the hydrogen rich gas comprises hydrogen.

The present disclosure relates to nanoparticle compositions, catalyst compositions, processes for making nanoparticle compositions and processes for making catalyst compositions. In at least one embodiment, a composition includes a plurality of nanoparticles, where each nanoparticle includes a kernel, the kernels include at least one metal element and oxygen, and the kernels have an average particle size from 4 to 100 nanometers, and a particle size distribution of less than 20%.

A nanocatalyst including single atoms of platinum dispersed on a nanoscale metal oxide, and the nanocatalyst comprises 0.01 wt % to 1 wt % platinum. Preparing the nanocatalyst includes combining a solution comprising a nanoscale metal oxide and a compound containing a Group 10 metal to yield a mixture, aging the mixture for a length of time, filtering the mixture to yield a solid, washing the solid to eliminate water soluble anions, and calcining the solid to yield a nanocatalyst including single atoms or clusters of atoms of the Group 10 metal on the nanoscale metal oxide.

A nanocatalyst including single atoms of platinum dispersed on a nanoscale metal oxide, and the nanocatalyst comprises 0.01 wt % to 1 wt % platinum. Preparing the nanocatalyst includes combining a solution comprising a nanoscale metal oxide and a compound containing a Group 10 metal to yield a mixture, aging the mixture for a length of time, filtering the mixture to yield a solid, washing the solid to eliminate water soluble anions, and calcining the solid to yield a nanocatalyst including single atoms or clusters of atoms of the Group 10 metal on the nanoscale metal oxide.

Disclosed are novel catalyst compositions, catalyst precursors, processes for making catalyst precursors, processes for making catalyst compositions, and processes for converting syngas. The catalytic component in the catalyst composition can comprise a metal carbide and/or a metal nitride. This disclosure is particularly useful for converting syngas via the Fischer-Tropsch reactions to make olefins and/or alcohols.