This invention relates to a hydrodesulfurization catalyst, a method for preparing the catalyst, and a method for the preparation of low sulfur gasoline fuel with minimal loss of RON. The catalyst particles include a group VIB metal and a support material having relatively high surface area, and optionally includes one or more group VIIIB metal. The method for preparing the catalyst allows for greater loading of the active metal species on the surface of the support material under aqueous reaction conditions.

A process and catalyst is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products using multifunctional catalysts. Multifunctional catalysts enable use of less expensive metal by substituting expensive metals for less expensive metals with no loss or superior performance in slurry hydrocracking. Less available and expensive ISM can be replaced effectively.

A process and catalyst is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products using multifunctional catalysts. Multifunctional catalysts enable use of less expensive metal by substituting expensive metals for less expensive metals with no loss or superior performance in slurry hydrocracking. Less available and expensive ISM can be replaced effectively.

Methods for fabricating a membrane with an organosilica material which is a polymer comprising independent units of Formula [Z.sup.3Z.sup.4SiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein each Z.sup.3 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy group or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the support and each Z.sup.4 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the support are provided. Methods of removing a contaminant from a hydrocarbon stream are also provided.

A carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell a porous carbon material with a three-dimensionally branched three-dimensional dendritic structure, has a branch diameter of 81 nm or less, and simultaneously satisfies conditions (A) and (B) whereby: (A) a BET specific surface area S.sub.BET is from 400 to 1500 m.sup.2/g; and (B) with respect to a relationship between a mercury pressure P.sub.Hg and a mercury absorption amount V.sub.Hg measured by mercury porosimetry, an increment V.sub.Hg:4.3-4.8 of the measured mercury absorption amount V.sub.Hg is from 0.82 to 1.50 cc/g in a case in which the common logarithm Log P.sub.Hg of the mercury pressure P.sub.Hg has increased from 4.3 to 4.8. A method of producing this kind of a carbon material for a catalyst carrier is also provided.

Provided is a catalyst that can exhibit high activity. The catalyst is an electrode catalyst having catalytic metals supported on a catalyst support, in which the catalytic metals include platinum and a metal component other than platinum; the electrode catalyst has mesopores having a mode radius of pore distribution of mesopores having a radius of 1 nm or more, of 1 nm or more and less than 2.5 nm; alloy microparticles of platinum and the metal component other than platinum are supported inside the mesopores; and a molar content ratio of platinum with respect to the metal component other than platinum in the alloy microparticles supported inside the mesopores is 1.0 to 10.0.

Organosilica materials, which are a polymer of at least one independent monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2OSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein each Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and at least one other trivalent metal oxide monomer are provided herein. Methods of preparing and processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for catalysis etc., are also provided herein.

Provided is a NaY molecular sieve and a method for preparing the NaY molecular sieve, an HY molecular sieve and a method for preparing the HY molecular sieve, a hydrocracking catalyst, and a hydrocracking method. The average grain diameter of the NaY molecular sieve is 2-5 m, and the sum of pore volumes of pores in 1-10 nm diameter accounts for 70-90% of the total pore volume of the NaY molecular sieve. The HY molecular sieve obtained from the large-grain NaY molecular sieve can be used as an acidic component in the hydrocracking catalyst. When the hydrocracking catalyst containing the HY molecular sieve is applied in the hydrocracking reaction of heavy oils that contain macromolecules, it can provide better cracking activity and product selectivity in the hydrocracking reaction.

A catalyst includes a support, where the support includes an external surface, about 60 wt % to about 99 wt % silica, and about 1.0 wt % to about 5.0 wt % alumina. A catalytic layer is disposed within the support adjacent to the external surface, where the catalytic layer further includes Pd, Au, and potassium acetate (KOAc). In the catalyst, (a) the KOAc is from about 60 kg/m.sup.3 to about 150 kg/m.sup.3 of the catalyst; or (b) the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 50 m to about 150 m; or (c) both (a) and (b). The catalyst also possesses a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of about 130 m.sup.2/g to about 300 m.sup.2/g and a geometric surface area per packed bed volume from about 550 m.sup.2/m.sup.3 to about 1500 m.sup.2/m.sup.3. The catalyst is highly active for the synthesis of vinyl acetate monomer and exhibits a high selectivity for vinyl acetate monomer.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a nickel-based catalyst promoted with aluminium compounds with increased resistance to thermal deactivation and to the nickel-based catalyst thus obtained. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of said catalyst in a steam reforming process starting from hydrocarbons for producing hydrogen or synthesis gas.