Provided is a phosphorus-containing ultrastable Y-type rare earth (RE) molecular sieve and the preparation method thereof. The method is: based on NaY molecular sieve as a raw material, obtaining one-exchange one-roast RE-Na Y-type molecular sieve through the steps of exchanging with RE, pre-exchanging with dispersing, and the first calcination; and then performing ammonium salt exchange, phosphorus modification, and the second calcination on the one-exchange one-roast RE-Na Y-type molecular sieve, wherein the sequence of the RE exchange and the pre-exchange with dispersing is unlimited, and the sequence of the ammonium salt exchange and the phosphorus modification is unlimited as well. The obtained molecular sieve contains RE oxide 1-20 wt %, phosphorus 0.1-5 wt %, and sodium oxide no more than 1.2 wt %, and has a crystallization degree of 51-69% and a lattice parameter of 2.449-2.469 nm. Heavy oil conversion rate can be increased by using the molecular sieve as an active component in a catalytic cracking catalyst.

The present invention provides a catalytic cracking catalyst for heavy oil and preparation methods thereof. The catalyst comprises 2 to 50% by weight of a phosphorus-containing ultrastable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve, 0.5 to 30% by weight of one or more other molecular sieves, 0.5 to 70% by weight of clay, 1.0 to 65% by weight of high-temperature-resistant inorganic oxides, and 0.01 to 12.5% by weight of a rare earth oxide. The phosphorus-containing ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve uses a NaY molecular sieve as a raw material. The raw material is subjected to a rare-earth exchange and a dispersing pre-exchange; the molecular sieve slurry is then filtered, washed with water and subjected to a first calcination to obtain a rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve which has been subjected to such first-exchange first-calcination, wherein the steps of rare earth exchange and dispersing pre-exchange are not restricted in sequence; and then the rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve which has been subjected to one-exchange one-calcination is subjected to second exchange and second calcination including ammonium exchange and a phosphorus modification, wherein the steps of the ammonium exchange and the phosphorus modification are not restricted in sequence. The steps of the ammonium exchange and the phosphorus modification can be conducted continuously or non-continuously, the second calcination is conducted after the ammonium exchange for reducing sodium, the phosphorus modification can be conducted before or after the second calcination. The catalyst provided by the invention has the characteristics of high heavy oil conversion capacity, high total liquid yield, and high yield of light oil.

Methods and systems for hydroprocessing heavy oil feedstocks to form an upgraded material involve the use of a colloidal or molecular catalyst dispersed within a heavy oil feedstock, a pre-coking hydrocracking reactor, a separator, and a coking reactor. The colloidal or molecular catalyst promotes upgrading reactions that reduce the quantity of asphaltenes or other coke forming precursors in the feedstock, increase hydrogen to carbon ratio in the upgraded material, and decrease boiling points of hydrocarbons in the upgraded material. The methods and systems can be used to upgrade vacuum tower bottoms and other low grade heavy oil feedstocks. The result is one or more of increased conversion level and yield, improved quality of upgraded hydrocarbons, reduced coke formation, reduced equipment fouling, processing of a wider range of lower quality feedstocks, and more efficient use of supported catalyst if used in combination with the colloidal or molecular catalyst, as compared to a conventional hydrocracking process or a conventional thermal coking process.

Methods for introducing mesoporosity into zeolitic materials are described herein that employ an acid treatment, an optional surfactant treatment, and a base treatment without filtration or purification steps between the steps. In particular, the process generally involves subjecting a zeolitic material to an acid treatment followed by a surfactant treatment and base treatment. The methods can efficiently introduce mesoporosity into various zeolitic materials, such as zeolites.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposition of nitrous oxide and also to its method of preparation and use.

The catalyst for mild-hydrocracking of residual oil includes a porous alumina support a plurality of transition metals impregnated on the alumina support. The support has a specific surface area greater than 150 m.sup.2/g, a total pore volume ranging from about 0.25 ml/g to about 1.5 ml/g, about 20% of the pores having a diameter greater than 150 nm, about 70% of the pores having a diameter ranging from about 2 nm to about 150 nm, and about 10% of the pores having a diameter less than 2 nm. The plurality of transition metals include one Group VIII element and one or more Group VI elements.

Process for hydrocracking and/or hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon feeds utilizing a catalyst comprising at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element of group VIB and of non-precious group VIII used alone or mixed, and a support comprising at least one porous mineral matrix and at least one dealuminated USY zeolite having an overall silicon-to-aluminium atomic ratio comprised between 2.5 and 10, a fraction by weight of extra-network aluminium atom greater than 10% relative to the total mass of the aluminium present in the zeolite, a mesopore volume measured by nitrogen porosimetry greater than 0.07 ml.g.sup.1, and a crystal parameter a.sub.0 of the elemental mesh greater than 24.28 , in which a quantity of the element nickel comprised between 0.5 and 3% by weight relative to the total mass of the zeolite is deposited on said USY zeolite and in which said catalyst is in the sulphide form.

A hydrocracking catalyst having a support of a composite of mesoporous materials, molecular sieves and alumina, is used in the last bed of a multi-bed system for treating heavy crude oils and residues and is designed to increase the production of intermediate distillates having boiling points in a temperature range of 204? C. to 538? C., decrease the production of the heavy fraction (>538? C.), and increase the production of gasoline fraction (<204? C.). The feedstock to be processed in the last bed contains low amounts of metals and is lighter than the feedstock that is fed to the first catalytic bed.

A catalyst composition comprises a self-bound zeolite and a Group 12 transition metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, or a combination thereof, the zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio of at least about 10, the catalyst composition having a micropore surface area of at least about 340 m.sup.2/g, a molar ratio of Group 12 transition metal to aluminum of about 0.1 to about 1.3, and at least one of: (a) a mesoporosity of greater than about 20 m.sup.2/g; (b) a diffusivity for 2,2-dimethylbutane of greater than about 1?10.sup.?2 sec.sup.?1 when measured at a temperature of about 120? C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (about 8 kPa).

The present invention relates to a heavy oil catalytic cracking catalyst having a high yield of light oil and preparation methods thereof. The catalyst comprises 2 to 50% by weight of a magnesium-modified ultra-stable rare earth type Y molecular sieve, 0.5 to 30% by weight of one or more other molecular sieves, 0.5 to 70% by weight of clay, 1.0 to 65% by weight of high-temperature-resistant inorganic oxides, and 0.01 to 12.5% by weight of rare earth oxide. The magnesium-modified ultra-stable rare earth type Y molecular sieve is obtained by the following manner: the raw material, a NaY molecular sieve, is subjected to a rare earth exchange, a dispersing pre-exchange, a magnesium salt exchange modification, an ammonium salt exchange for sodium reduction, a second exchange and a second calcination. The catalyst provided in the present invention is characteristic in its high conversion capacity of heavy oil and a high yield of light oil.