Tandem catalysts for the dehydrogenation of alkanes and/or alcohols in tandem with selective hydrogen combustion are provided. Also provided are methods of making the catalysts and methods of using the catalysis for the dehydrogenation of alkanes and/or alcohols. The catalysts include a support having a surface, dehydrogenation catalysts particles dispersed on the surface of the support, and a porous selective hydrogen combustion catalyst overcoat on the dehydration catalyst particles. The catalysts couple dehydrogenation with selective hydrogen combustion in a sequence of reactions occurring in tandem to shift the equilibrium of the dehydrogenation towards higher conversion.

Provided is a composition comprising a ceria-zirconia mixed oxide, the ceria-zirconia mixed oxide being surface-modified with a perovskite type compound of formula (I); wherein formula (I) is defined by A.sub.x-yA′.sub.yB.sub.1-zB′.sub.zO.sub.3; where: A is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Gd; A′ is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Gd; B is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, Sc, Nb, V, W, Bi, Zn, Sn, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, and Ir; B′ is an ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Mo, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, Sc, Nb, V, W, Bi, Zn, Sn, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, and Ir; x is from 0.7 to 1; y is from 0 to 0.5; and z is from 0 to 0.5.

A catalyst for purification of exhaust gas in which Pd-based nanoparticles and ceria nanoparticles represented by CeO.sub.2-x, (0≤x<0.5) are supported on a composite metal oxide support containing alumina, ceria, and zirconia, wherein a molar ratio (Ce/Pd) of Ce and Pd supported on the support is 1 to 8, a proximity α between Pd and Ce is 0.15 to 0.50, wherein the proximity α is determined, based on Pd and Ce distribution maps in an element mapping image of energy dispersive X-ray analysis, by the following formula (1)

[00001]$\begin{array}{c}\alpha =\frac{{.Math.}_{j=0}^{N-1}{.Math.}_{i=0}^{M-1}\left(\left(I\left(i,j\right)-I_{\mathrm{ave}}\right)\left(T\left(i,j\right)-T_{\mathrm{ave}}\right)\right)}{\sqrt{{.Math.}_{j=0}^{N-1}{.Math.}_{i=0}^{M-1}{\left(I\left(i,j\right)-I_{\mathrm{ave}}\right)}^2-{.Math.}_{j=0}^{N-1}{.Math.}_{i=0}^{M-1}{(T\left(i,j\right)-T_{\mathrm{ave}}}^{}}}\end{array}$

A nanocomposite catalyst includes a support, a multiplicity of nanoscale metal oxide clusters coupled to the support, and one or more metal atoms coupled to each of the nanoscale metal oxide clusters. Fabricating a nanocomposite catalyst includes forming nanoscale metal oxide clusters including a first metal on a support, and depositing one or more metal atoms including a second metal on the nanoscale metal oxide clusters. The nanocomposite catalyst is suitable for catalyzing reactions such as CO oxidation, water-gas-shift, reforming of CO.sub.2 and methanol, and oxidation of natural gas.

Disclosed herein are a dehydrogenation catalyst having single-atom cobalt loaded onto a silica support that has undergone pretreatment including a thermal treatment and a high-temperature aqueous treatment (reaction), a preparation method therefor, and a method for producing olefins by dehydrogenating corresponding paraffins, particularly light paraffins in the presence of the dehydrogenation catalyst.

A metal trap for an FCC catalyst include pre-formed microspheres impregnated with a salt of calcium and/or magnesium and an organic acid salt of a rare earth element.

Catalyzed particulate filters comprise three-way conversion (TWC) catalytic material that permeates walls of a particulate filter such that the catalyzed particulate filter has a coated porosity that is less than an uncoated porosity of the particulate filter. The coated porosity is linearly proportional to a washcoat loading of the TWC catalytic material. A coated backpressure is non-detrimental to performance of the engine. Such catalyzed particulate filters may be used in an emission treatment system downstream of a gasoline direct injection engine for treatment of an exhaust stream comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates.

The invention is directed to a CO to CO.sub.2 combustion promoter comprising microsphere sized porous silica and/or alumina comprising particles further comprising on or more Group VIII noble metals wherein the noble metal is distributed in the particle as an eggshell such that a higher content of noble metal is present in the outer region of the particle as compared to the content of noble metal in the center of the particle.

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.

A catalyst includes a carrier, and a metal obtained by reducing a metal ion supported on the carrier 1) in a supercritical state or 2) in a polar organic solvent, wherein the carrier is an inorganic porous body having a hierarchical porous structure. By employing the catalyst, it is possible to exhibit better catalytic activity than a conventional catalyst. Heat generation and spontaneous ignition are prevented because no organic porous body is used.