Provided herein are multilayered, multidimensional upconversion nanomaterial compositions and methods. In certain aspects and embodiments, the compositions and methods are useful in the photolytic degradation of a phenolic pollutant (e.g., phenol).

A heterogeneous catalyst composition for para-hydrogen induced polarization includes ligand-capped nanoparticles dispersed in water. The ligand-capped nanoparticles include metal nanoparticles that are surface functionalized with organic ligands, a molecular weight of the organic ligands is no greater than 300 g/mol, and the organic ligands each includes multiple binding moieties as coordinates sites for binding to a nanoparticle surface.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst for reducing CO and HC which is a core-shell particle including a core and a shell surrounding the core, the core includes metal oxide nanoparticles and noble metal nanoparticles fixed to the metal oxide nanoparticles, and the shell includes zirconia (ZrO.sub.2), and a layer from which the metal oxide is removed between the core and the shell is included.

An antimicrobial coating composition comprising a nanoparticle composite having a core and at least one shell, wherein the core comprises a silver nanoparticle having an antimicrobial action. The at least one shell is formed by a doped semiconductor providing a photocatalytic action and increasing the stability of silver nanoparticle core by controlling the releasing of Ag ions. The nanoparticle composite comprises a nanoparticle of a noble metal providing surface plasmon under the presence of electromagnetic radiation.

The present invention relates to a method for producing automobile exhaust gas catalytic converters, to the catalytic converters as such and to the use thereof. In particular, the method comprises a step which results in a smaller particle size of the catalytically active material used.

Nonabsorptive presulfided catalyst particles are provided which are coated with a suitable coating material such as paraffinic oil/wax, or a suitable polymer material, to prevent water adsorption on the catalyst particles.

A method of forming a fuel cell catalyst system, the method includes providing an anticorrosive, conductive catalyst support material having oxygen vacancies and a formula (I):
MgTi.sub.2O.sub.5-δ  (I),
where .sub.δ is any number between 0 and 3 optionally including a fractional part denoting the oxygen vacancies, coating the catalyst support material with a polymeric film, attaching a catalyst material onto the polymeric film, removing the polymeric film, and providing additional material onto the support material to increase physical, electrical, and/or mechanical contact between the catalyst material and the catalyst support material.

Disclosed is a method of preparing an intermetallic catalyst that includes irradiating ultrasonic waves to a precursor admixture including a noble metal precursor, a transition metal precursor, and a carrier to form core-shell particles including a transition metal oxide coating layer; the annealing the core-shell particles to form intermetallic particles including a transition metal oxide coating layer; and the removing the transition metal oxide coating layer from the intermetallic particles.

Catalysts for hydrogen production from NaBH.sub.4 by hydrolysis or alcoholysis are provided. The catalysts comprise hydrogel beads formed from alginate and starch. The hydrogel beads optionally comprise metal nanoparticles on their surfaces, and the hydrogen generation reactions are optionally conducted in the presence of one or more surfactants.

Processes for the catalytic conversion of alcohols and/or ethers to olefins over zeolite catalysts are described. Self-bound ZSM-5 and metal containing variants, such as Zn ZSM-5, produce high yields of olefins, particularly C3+ olefins, between 250 and 450° C.