There is described a mesoporous composite material comprising carbon nanoparticles dispersed in a mesoporous carbonaceous material.

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

A protein template is added to a solution in which metal ions of iron and copper are dissolved to introduce the metal ions into the protein template; the protein template is separated from metal ions that have not been incorporated in the protein template; the metal ions that have been incorporated in the protein template are reduced to obtain a protein containing alloy nanoparticles of iron and copper; a sol or gel in which a co-continuous body is dispersed is frozen; the frozen sol or gel is dried in a vacuum to obtain a porous body; the porous body is allowed to support the alloy nanoparticle containing protein; and the protein is removed.

Carbon-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and barbituric acid. Phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and etidronic acid. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions, when in the presence of UV or visible light, can be used in water treatment systems to photocatalytically degrade persistent organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pesticides, and herbicides. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions can also be applied to surfaces of household and public items to kill protozoa, eukaryotic parasites, algal pathogens, bacteria, fungi, prions, viruses, or other microorganisms, preventing the transfer thereof between users.

An apparatus and method for producing a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene from CH.sub.4 and CO.sub.2 via CO and H.sub.2 with high activity and high selectivity. The apparatus is provided with: a synthetic gas production unit to which a gas containing CH.sub.4 and CO.sub.2 is supplied from a first supply unit, and which generates a synthetic gas containing CO and H.sub.2 while heating a first catalytic structure; a gas production unit to which the synthetic gas is supplied and which generates a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene while heating a second catalytic structure; and a detection unit which detects propylene discharged from the gas production unit, in which the first catalytic structure includes first supports having a porous structure and a first metal fine particle in the first supports, the first supports have a first channels, the first metal fine particle is present in the first channels, the second catalyst structure includes second supports having a porous structure and a second metal fine particle in the second supports, the second supports have a second channels, and a portion of the second channels have an average inner diameter of 0.95 nm or less.

This invention provides a continuous process for the growth of vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCNT) reinforced continuous fiber preforms for the manufacture of articles with useful mechanical, electrical, and thermal characteristics. Continuous fiber preforms are treated with a catalyst or catalyst precursor and processed without vaporization of the preform to yield VGCNT produced in situ resulting in a highly entangled mass of VGCNT infused with the continuous fiber preform. The continuous process disclosed herein provides denser and more uniform carbon nanotubes and provides the opportunity to fine-tune the variables both within an individual preform and between different preforms depending on the characteristics of the carbon nanotubes desired. The resulting continuous fiber preforms are essentially endless and are high in volume fraction of VGCNT and exhibit high surface area useful for many applications. The invention also provides for composites made from the preforms.

Process for preparing a porous monolith comprising between 10% and 100% by weight of a semiconductor relative to the total weight of the porous monolith, which process comprises the following steps: a) a first aqueous suspension containing polymer particles is prepared; b) a second aqueous suspension containing particles of least one inorganic semiconductor is prepared; c) the two aqueous suspensions prepared in steps a) and b) are mixed in order to obtain a paste; d) a heat treatment of the paste obtained in step c) is carried out in order to obtain the monolith with multimodal porosity.

A process for the hydroprocessing of heavy oils and/or oil residues, the process comprising the steps of contacting a non-metallised carbonaceous material with an acid to form a non-metallised carbonaceous additive; and contacting the heavy oils and/or oil residues with the non-metallised carbonaceous additive in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of from 250° C. to 600° C.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a base material powder having a carbon nanocoating layer, the method including adding a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon to a base material powder, heating the mixture to a temperature that is higher than or equal to the boiling point of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and is lower than or equal to the relevant boiling point temperature +300° C., and that is higher than or equal to the thermal decomposition temperature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and thereby coating the surface of the base material powder with a layer of carbon having a thickness of 0.1 nm to 10 nm. According to the method, when a source of carbon that covers a base material powder is appropriately selected, the base material powder having the carbon nanocoating layer can be provided, which does not have a possibility of causing inconveniences in the applications of a final manufactured product of the base material powder and exhibits satisfactory productivity of the base material powder, and from which a modified final manufactured product is obtained.

The invention related to photocatalytic material field, and discloses a metal-doped amorphous carbon nitride photocatalytic material and the preparation method thereof. The method comprises: (1) mixing the nitrogen-rich organic matter with the metal salt; (2) calcining the mixture obtained in step (1) to obtain the photocatalytic material; the nitrogen-rich organic matter is selected from one or more of melamine, dicyandiamide, monocyanamide, thiourea, urea, hexamethylenetetramine, and biuret; the metal salt is selected from one or more of an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, and a transition metal salt. The method is simple, efficient, low-cost, requires no external catalyst, organic solvent and protective reagent, and does not require pretreatment of raw materials, and is a preparation method favorable for large-scale commercial production.