A method for executing multiple chemical experiments in parallel may be provided. The method comprises receiving a list of actions to be performed for synthesizing a chemical product. Thereby, the actions correspond to at least two chemical partial reactions and the list comprises a delimiter symbol separating two chemical partial reactions, determining identical chemical partial reactions, and building a reaction commonality tree (RCT) of the chemical reactions. Furthermore, the method comprises executing a plurality of the identical chemical partial reactions independent of a sequence of chemical partial reactions of the reaction commonality tree only once. Each of the identical chemical partial reactions is executed in a different chemical reactor and each resulting intermediate product has a quantity of the sum of the related identical chemical partial reactions. The method also comprises, storing the intermediate chemical products in a separate container, and executing remaining chemical partial reactions according to the RCT.

The present invention describes a process for a controlled conversion of a biomass feedstock, wherein the process comprises the steps of: loading the biomass feedstock to at least one reactor; liquefaction of the biomass feedstock into a monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture in said reactor by treatment in hot compressed liquid water (HCW) at sub- and/or super-critical condition; and removal of the monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture, being the product molecules, to avoid continued detrimental decomposition.

A process for producing a polyol block copolymer in a multiple reactor system including a first and second reactor in which a first reaction takes place in the first reactor and a second reaction takes place in the second reactor. The first reaction is the reaction of a carbonate catalyst with CO.sub.2 and epoxide, in the presence of starter and/or solvent to produce polycarbonate polyol copolymer and the second reaction is the reaction of DMC catalyst with the polycarbonate polyol compound of the first reaction and epoxide to produce polyol block copolymer. The product of the first reaction is fed into the second as crude reaction mixture, the epoxide and the polycarbonate polyol compound of the first reaction are fed in a continuous or semi-batch manner, and/or the product of the first reaction has neutral or alkaline pH on addition to the second. The invention further relates to the copolymers and products incorporating such copolymers.

Provided herein are systems for carbonation curing and CO.sub.2 mineralization of concrete composites and methods of manufacturing a carbonated concrete composite. A method of manufacturing a carbonated concrete composites includes contacting concrete with CO.sub.2-containing gas streams in the carbonation reactor having a gas stream inlet and an outlet to provide optimal gas flow distribution and gas velocity. The concrete precursor includes a binder, one or more aggregates, and water. A gas stream is received at the carbonation reactor. The gas stream includes carbon dioxide. The concrete precursor is maintained at a suitable temperature in the carbonation reactor to thereby react the concrete precursor with the gas stream to produce carbonate minerals in the carbonated concrete composite.

The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube preparation method and system, which may improve the overall efficiency and economic feasibility of a reaction by collecting fine particles including carbon nanotube particles that have not grown enough and an unreacted catalyst produced during and after the reaction by using a separator at the exterior of a fluidized bed reactor, and then, injecting the fine particles as a bed prior to a subsequent cycle.

In a method for oxidizing 1,1-bis-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-alkane with nitric acid in a pressure vessel to produce 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid with concurrent formation of nitric oxide, passing nitric oxide from the pressure vessel into an absorption vessel and reacting nitric oxide in the absorption vessel with molecular oxygen and water to produce an aqueous nitric acid solution prevents discharge of nitric oxide, avoids the risk of oxygen inhibiting the nitric acid oxidation and reduces nitric acid consumption when the nitric acid from the absorption vessel is used for oxidizing the 1,1-bis-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-alkane.

This invention relates to a novel continuous process for making alkyl 7-amino-5-methyl-[1,2,5]-oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-carboxylate.

A method of and apparatus for recovering an alcohol solvent from a liquid mixture of the solvent and plant oil and decarboxylating the plant oil may include, pressurizing the liquid mixture to a super-atmospheric pressure, recirculating the pressurized liquid mixture a plurality of times through at least one membrane separator to separate some of the solvent from the mixture to provide a concentrated mixture of the plant oil with less solvent, reducing the pressure of the liquid concentrated mixture to less than 15 psig, heating it at a pressure of less than 15 psig to a temperature sufficient to vaporize the solvent in the concentrated mixture, removing sufficient heat from the vaporized solvent to condense it to a liquid solvent at atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions, and heating the plant oil to a temperature desirably of at least 215° F. to decarboxylate the plant oil.

Techniques regarding post polymerization modifications to polycarbonate polymers via a flow reactor are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a cyclic carbonate monomer that can be employed to facilitate polymerization of one or more polycarbonate platforms susceptible to post polymerization modification. For instance, one or more embodiments can regard a cyclic carbonate molecular backbone covalently bonded to an aryl halide functional group via in accordance with a chemical structure selected from the group consisting of:

##STR00001##

In the chemical structures, “R.sub.1” can be selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a functional group comprising a first alkyl group; “L” can represent a linkage group, comprising: a second alkyl group and an end group having at least one member selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and a nitrogen atom; and “A” can represent the aryl halide functional group.

A microwave-based thermal coupling chemical looping gasification method and device. The device includes: a microwave radiation cavity; a loading recess of a microwave absorbing material; and a quartz pipe reaction cavity between the microwave radiation cavity and the loading recess of a microwave absorbing material. A microwave generator consisting of magnetrons is provided at a central portion of the microwave radiation cavity and below the loading recess. An infrared temperature-measuring probe group is arranged at two ends of the magnetrons. Two ends of the microwave radiation cavity are connected to a first and second three-way valves, in communication with the ambient atmosphere and a protection gas charging device. A protection gas cooling device and a protection gas circulating fan are sequentially connected in series on a pipeline between the valves.