The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for preparation of quantum dots capable of continuously preparing quantum dots having uniform luminous properties using Taylor vortices. The apparatus for preparing quantum dots according to the present invention includes a first Couette-Taylor reactor for forming a core, core precursor sources each connected to the first Couette-Taylor reactor to supply a core precursor, a second Couette-Taylor reactor for forming a shell, and a shell precursor source connected to the second Couette-Taylor reactor to supply a shell precursor. In this case, the first and second Couette-Taylor reactors are connected to each other so that a core generated in the first Couette-Taylor reactor is supplied to the second Couette-Taylor reactor, and the apparatus further includes a temperature control means for keeping the internal temperature of each of the first and second Couette-Taylor reactors constant.

High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BN-NTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, or providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite periods of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates.

A method for synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles is disclosed. This synthesis method is single step, based on two heaters and functions using near ambient conditions. This flow method can be used to synthesize a range of inorganic particles. Synthesis of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite with ranging thermal stabilities has been shown in this application. These materials find wide applications as biomaterials, in the form of additives to polymer based composites, for bone filling applications and also as coatings on metallic substrates.

A multi-tubular chemical reactor (400) includes an igniter (435) for the initiation of gas phase exothermic reaction within the gas phase reaction zones (409) of the tubular reactor units (408). A method of carrying out a gas phase exothermic reaction within the multi-tubular chemical reactor comprising: introducing gaseous reactants into a tubular reactor unit (408); initiating with radiant heat an exothermic reaction of the gaseous reactants within the reactor unit; and transferring heat produced by the exothermic reaction occurring within the gas phase reaction zone of the reactor unit to the gas phase reaction zone of one or more adjacent reactor units (408), thereby initiating an exothermic reaction within at least one adjacent reactor unit (408) until in such manner an exothermic reaction has been initiated in each of the plurality of spaced-apart reactor units (408).

A device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from an exhaust-gas source, having a spatially delimited flow path through which flow may pass proceeding from the exhaust-gas source, having a heating catalytic converter which is arranged in the flow path and which, as viewed in a flow direction, firstly has a catalytically active catalytic converter through which flow may pass and, following this in the flow direction, has an electrically heatable heating disk, wherein at least one outlet of a secondary air supply is arranged in the region of the heating catalytic converter such that a gas flow referred to as secondary air is fed into the flow path in the region of the heating catalytic converter.

A dual utilization liquid and gaseous fuel CPOX reformer that includes reaction zones for the CPOX reforming of liquid and gaseous reformable fuels. A reforming method is also provided. The method comprises reforming a first gaseous reformable reaction mixture comprising oxygen-containing gas and vaporized liquid fuel and before or after this step, reforming second gaseous reformable reaction mixture comprising oxygen-containing gas and gaseous fuel to produce a hydrogen-rich reformate.

A method for carrying out a chemical reaction includes using a reactor arrangement in which reaction tubes arranged in a reactor vessel are heated to a reaction tube temperature level between 400? C. and 1,500? C. during a reaction period using radiant heat provided by means of one or more electric heating elements arranged in the reactor vessel. In at least a part of the reactor vessel in which the heating elements are provided, a gas atmosphere is provided during the reaction period, which gas atmosphere has a defined volume fraction of oxygen.

Systems and processes for dehydrogenating one or more alkanes using electrically heated dehydrogenation reactors. The source of electric energy or power can be a power grid, solar panel, windmill, hydropower, nuclear power, fuel cell, gas turbines, steam turbines, portable generator or the like. The systems and processes provided herein result in a simpler dehydrogenation process which is particularly beneficial at a small scale and at remote locations, including the well site.

The present invention relates, in general, to a system and method for focusing gas distribution through a series of three-dimensionally (3D) printed lattice heating elements within an electric catalyst unit in order to promote ammonia dissociation. The present invention allows gaseous ammonia to be continuously heated as it flows in series through ceramic tubes containing 3D printed lattice heating elements. The lattice structure of the heating elements provides a balance between surface area and heat dissipation, allowing the heating elements to reach a suitable temperature to perform ammonia dissociation, but which are not oversaturated with heat which could result in failure or melting of the heating elements.

A device for generating a reducing agent gas from a solid or liquid reducing agent, where the reducing agent gas is preferably suited for nitrogen oxide reduction in an exhaust gas of a combustion engine, the device including a reactor with an inner volume and an inlet for a reducing agent solution and an outlet for the reducing agent gas. The device further including a heating system disposed at least partially in the inner volume and a heating control unit for controlling the heating system, wherein the inner volume includes first and second heating zones each including at least one heating element and controlled independently of each other by the heating control unit.