Methods of controlling olefin polymerization reactor systems are provided herein. In some aspects, the methods include a) selecting n input variables, each input variable corresponding to a process condition for an olefin polymerization process; b) identifying m response variables, each response variable corresponding to a measurable polymer property; c) adjusting one of more of the n input variables in a plurality of polymerization reactions using the olefin polymerization reactor system, to provide a plurality of olefin polymers and measuring each of the m response variables as a function of the input variables for each olefin polymer; d) analyzing the change in each of the response variables as a function of the input variables to determine the coefficients; e) calculating a Response Surface Model (RSM) using general equations for each response variable determined in step d) to correlate any combination of the n input variables with one or more of m response variables; f) applying n selected input variables to the calculated Response Surface Model (RSM) to predict one or more of m target response variables, each target response variable corresponding to a measurable polymer property; and g) using the n selected input variables I.sup.s1 to I.sup.sn to operate the olefin polymerization reactor system and provide a polyolefin product.

Described is a method for producing alkenyl halosilanes by reacting alkenyl halide selected from the group comprising vinyl halide, vinylidene halide, and allyl halide with halosilane selected from the group comprising monohalosilane, dihalosilane, and trihalosilane in the gas phase in a reactor comprising a reaction tube (1) that has an inlet (2) at one end and an outlet (3) at the other end, said reactor further comprising an annular-gap nozzle (4) that is mounted on the inlet (2), extends into the reaction tube (1), and has a central supply duct (5) for one reactant (7) and a supply duct (6), which surrounds the central supply duct (5), for the other reactant (8). In order to carry out said method, alkenyl halide is injected into the reaction tube (1) through the central supply duct (5), halosilane is injected thereinto through the surrounding supply duct (6), and both substances flow through the reaction tube (1) in the direction of the outlet (3). The described method allows alkenyl halosilanes to be produced at a high yield and with great selectivity. The amount of soot formed is significantly lower than in conventional reactors. The invention also relates to a reactor for carrying out gas-phase reactions, said reactor being characterized by at least the following elements: A) a reaction tube (1) that has B) an inlet (2) at one end, C) an outlet (3) at the other end, and D) an annular-gap nozzle (4) which includes a central supply duct (5) for one reactant (7) and a supply duct (6), which surrounds the central supply duct (5), for another reactant (8), said nozzle being mounted on the inlet (2) and extending into the reaction tube (1).

A method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation that includes coprecipitation and injecting inert gas or air at a specific time point to reduce the ratio of an inactive α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 crystal structure, thereby improving the activity of the catalyst. Also provided is a method of performing oxidative dehydrogenation using the catalyst. When oxidative dehydrogenation of butene is performed using the catalyst, side reaction may be reduced, and selectivity for butadiene may be improved, providing butadiene with high productivity.

A system for isolating a target molecule from a bioprocess fluid includes a single-use disposable separation device having a plurality of perimeter-bonded layers defining one or more mesofluidic channels of the separation device, wherein each layer includes a biocompatible polymer material, wherein the separation device is configured to separate at least a portion of particles from the bioprocess fluid to generate a substantially clarified bioprocess fluid, and a chromatography system fluidically coupled at the outflow of the separation device in a configuration for further processing the clarified bioprocess fluid.

The invention relates to a process for producing superabsorbent polymer particles, comprising polymerization of a monomer solution, wherein the monomer solution comprises partly neutralized acrylic acid formed by continuous mixing of acrylic acid and an aqueous solution of a base, the apparatus for preparing the partly neutralized acrylic acid comprises a vessel (B), and the feed line to vessel (B) ends inside vessel (B) below the liquid Level of the partly neutralized acrylic acid.

Provided herein are systems for carbonation curing and CO.sub.2 mineralization of concrete composites and methods of manufacturing a carbonated concrete composite. A method of manufacturing a carbonated concrete composites includes contacting concrete with CO.sub.2-containing gas streams in the carbonation reactor having a gas stream inlet and an outlet to provide optimal gas flow distribution and gas velocity. The concrete precursor includes a binder, one or more aggregates, and water. A gas stream is received at the carbonation reactor. The gas stream includes carbon dioxide. The concrete precursor is maintained at a suitable temperature in the carbonation reactor to thereby react the concrete precursor with the gas stream to produce carbonate minerals in the carbonated concrete composite.

Flow control mechanisms control the direction and flow rate of synthesis reagent through one or more synthesis reaction vessels for automated solid phase synthesis. Selectable, known, and reproducible positive or negative pressure differentials (−5 to +10 psi) accomplish controlled, bidirectional (forward and reverse) flow of synthesis reagents through synthesis media contained within the reaction vessels. Venturi-based vacuum apparatus, valves, electronic pressure regulators and compound digital pressure gauge, can be added to automated solid phase synthesis instruments to provide, control, and monitor known, selectable, reproducible negative and positive pressures to one or both valve sealable and un-sealable ends (inlets and outlets) of the reaction vessel as needed to generate and reverse said pressure differentials between the opposite ends of said synthesis reaction vessels, yielding controlled forward and backward flows of synthesis reagents through the synthesis media.

The present invention relates to methods and devices for providing microbial control and/or disinfection/remediation of an environment. The methods generally comprise: generating a Purified Hydrogen Peroxide Gas (PHPG) that is substantially free of, e.g., hydration, ozone, plasma species, and/or organic species; and directing the gas comprising primarily PHPG into the environment such that the PHPG acts to provide microbial control and/or disinfection/remediation in the environment, preferably both on surfaces and in the air.

A process and equipment assembly for reacting a substituent precursor with a cyclodextrin starting material to provide a raw product comprising a cyclodextrin derivative and 1% or less of an initial amount of the substituent precursor is provided. The process of the present invention provides cyclodextrin derivatives in substantially shorter time and with fewer side products than previous processes that utilize substantially the same starting materials.

The present invention relate to a reactor comprising: (i) a first reagent release mechanism, (ii) a second reagent release mechanism, and (iii) a reaction area fluid pathway, wherein the reaction area fluid pathway comprises a pathway extension valve, wherein adjusting the pathway extension valve varies the length of the reaction area fluid pathway, and wherein the pathway extension valve comprises a single valve.