Improvement in the efficiency of carbon dioxide reduction reaction is achieved. A gas supply unit having a plurality of pores is established in a lower portion of a reduction chamber, and carbon dioxide is supplied as bubbles into an aqueous solution. This can elevate a concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the aqueous solution without stirring the aqueous solution using a stirring bar, and render the concentration uniform in the aqueous solution. Therefore, the efficiency of reduction reaction of carbon dioxide in a reduction electrode can be improved.

Disclosed is an LED light source photocatalytic tubular reactor and application thereof. The LED light source photocatalytic tubular reactor comprises an LED light source, a temperature control chamber and a transparent reaction pipeline; the transparent reaction pipeline is located in the temperature control chamber; at least one side of the temperature control chamber is a light-transmitting plate; the LED light source provides a light source for the transparent reaction pipeline through the light-transmitting plate; and the transparent reaction pipeline has a diameter-to-length ratio of the inner diameter to the length of 0-0.1, but not 0. The LED light source continuous photocatalytic tubular reactor of the present disclosure can eliminate the scaling up effect, increase the yield and allow continuous production with an advantage of easy to use and low cost. The tubular reaction device of the present disclosure can also realize automatic control, which can effectively reduce personnel costs and improve production safety.

[Abstract] A polymerization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a light irradiator; and a polymerization vessel. The light irradiator includes a first casing and a light source assembly. The first casing includes a light source chamber defined by cylindrical side walls, a ceiling, and a floor including a light-transmissive window member. The light source assembly includes a base having a light-emitting surface on which a plurality of light-emitting diodes is disposed in a predetermined pattern and a heat-dissipating surface to which a heat sink is joined, and the light source assembly is disposed within the light source chamber so that the light-emitting surface faces the light-transmissive window member. The polymerization vessel includes a polymerization cup and a second casing. The polymerization cup has a frustoconical or substantially frustoconical shape that opens upward and increases in diameter upward, and is capable of housing an object therein. The second casing is a bottomed cylindrical or box-shaped casing having an opening at the apex thereof, the polymerization cup being attachably/detachably housed in the second casing via the opening. In this polymerization apparatus, light that has been emitted by the plurality of light-emitting diodes of the light irradiator and has passed through the light-transmissive window member is applied to the inside of the polymerization cup of the polymerization vessel.

A method for producing functionalized nanocrystalline cellulose, the method comprising the steps of providing cellulose, mixing said cellulose with a peroxide, thereby producing a reaction mixture, and heating the reaction mixture, and/or exposing the reaction mixture to UV radiation is provided. Functionalized nanocrystalline cellulose produced by this method is also provided.

A method to separate and recover at least one metal from a source of oxidized and/or primary and secondary sulfide ores by determining and modifying the values of the dielectric constant of the minerals source.

The present invention provides a photocuring device, comprising a housing and an ultraviolet (UV) light module, wherein the housing comprises an electroluminescent layer and/or a touch layer and a control module connected to the electroluminescent layer and/or the touch layer by an electrical means. The photocuring device of the invention not only features a low material cost and low production cost, but also allows its display interface and/or operation interface to be provided at any position of the housing of the photocuring device, without limitations in size, shape, or angle. Furthermore, the photocuring device of the invention allows its display interface and/or operation interface to be simplified as needed to facilitate operation and viewing by a manicurist or one who is receiving a manicure.

Disclosed is a method of irradiating a composition having water and hydrogen-terminated nanodiamonds with light that generates water-solvated electrons from the nanodiamonds. The method can be used to degrade fluoroalkyl compounds such as perfluorooctane sulfonate.

A method for producing functionalized nanocrystalline cellulose, the method comprising the steps of providing cellulose, mixing said cellulose with a peroxide, thereby producing a reaction mixture, and heating the reaction mixture, and/or exposing the reaction mixture to UV radiation is provided. Functionalized nanocrystalline cellulose produced by this method is also provided.

This disclosure provides a method for quantum dots ligand exchanges and an apparatus of the same. The method includes providing a first ligand modified quantum dot, a second ligand and a first polymer. The method includes mixing the first ligand modified quantum dot, the second ligand and the first polymer in a solvent to perform the first ligand exchange, so as to obtain a second modified quantum dot. The first polymer contains a first functional group, which can have a first reaction with the first ligand, but do not react with the second ligand under the same conditions.

Disclosed herein are carbon doped tin disulphide (C—SnS.sub.2) and other SnS.sub.2 composites as visible light photocatalyst for CO.sub.2 reduction to solar fuels. The in situ carbon doped SnS.sub.2 photocatalyst provide higher efficiency than the undoped pure SnS.sub.2. Also disclosed herein are methods for preparing the catalysts.