A water nozzle with a flow head is provided with at least two separate water supply devices that supply, in a controllable fashion, different water volume flows to the flow head. The flow head generates an annular jet from the different water volume flows. By controlling the water volume flows, alternatively a slim annular jet or a widened annular jet is generated by the flow head. A deflection element with a central outlet opening is provided, wherein the central outlet opening is arranged in a flow direction of the annular jet downstream of and spaced apart from the flow head. A deflection device surrounds the central outlet opening. A diameter of the central outlet opening is designed such that the slim annular jet is able to pass through the central outlet opening while the widened annular jet impacts on the deflection device surrounding the central outlet opening.

An extension device for spraying devices has an extension unit, which has, at a first end, a spraying head having at least one material outlet nozzle and, at a second end, means for connecting a spraying device. The extension device is characterized in that the extension unit has a metering and shut-off valve, which has a valve seat element having a valve opening and which has a valve body, that the valve body is arranged between the spraying head and the valve seat element, and that the valve body is fastened to a tension-transmitting element, which extends through the valve opening. The invention further relates to a spraying device for spraying material onto surfaces, with the spraying device having such an extension device.

A valve assembly wherein the inner wall of the valve body comprises at least one opening for the entry of a liquid under pressure following output of a slurry or liquid from a tube or pipe. The valve assembly is particularly useful in maintaining a semi-continuous or continuous pressurized flow of biomass from an extruder and extending the reaction zone downstream from the extruder. An advantage of having an extended reaction zone allows for a complete treatment of materials without further wear on the extruder and also allows manipulation of the upstream treatment of materials in the tube or pipe.

A handheld spray gun effective for directing a high pressure turbulence free discharge spray. The spray gun comprises a barrel with an angularly disposed handle, a barrel liquid supply conduit for directing liquid from a liquid supply to a discharge orifice of the barrel, and a valve stem disposed within the barrel liquid supply conduit for relative movement between discharge orifice opening and closing positions. A magnet assembly comprising a pair of magnets disposed outside the liquid supply conduit is effective for biasing the valve stem to a discharge orifice closing position responsive to repelling magnetic force of the magnets, and a trigger actuatable for moving the valve stem against the repelling magnetic force of the magnet assembly for opening the discharge orifice with the opposing magnetic force of the magnets forcing the valve stem to a discharge orifice closing position upon release of the trigger.

A shower head assembly (2) comprising a body (4) having a flow passage (10) therethrough, said flow passage (10) having an outlet opening (16) at an outer end thereof, and a plurality of inserts (18), each insert (18) being adapted to be releasably mounted within the outlet opening of the body and including a flow restriction adapted to create a spray of water from the shower head, each insert being securable within the outlet opening by cooperating formations (20) formed on an outer wall of the insert (18) and an inner wall of said outlet opening (16) enabling periodic removal and replacement of the insert (18) from the outlet opening (16) of the body (4). Preferably said inserts (18) are visually distinguishable from one another.

A valve assembly wherein the inner wall of the valve body comprises at least one opening for the entry of a liquid under pressure following output of a slurry or liquid from a tube or pipe. The valve assembly is particularly useful in maintaining a semi-continuous or continuous pressurized flow of biomass from an extruder and extending the reaction zone downstream from the extruder. An advantage of having an extended reaction zone allows for a complete treatment of materials without further wear on the extruder and also allows manipulation of the upstream treatment of materials in the tube or pipe.

A valve assembly having a conical valve needle axially displaceable in a bore of a valve body wherein a portion of the larger diameter of the valve needle seats downstream at an annular ring when the valve is closed. There is an open area between one end of the valve body to the annular ring even at closure and nozzles for the input of a liquid. The inner wall of the valve body comprises at least one opening for the entry of a liquid under pressure following output of a slurry or liquid from a tube or pipe. The valve assembly is particularly useful in maintaining a semi-continuous or continuous pressurized flow of biomass from an extruder.