Cleanout tools and related methods of operation. At least some of the example embodiments are cleanout tools including a tool body that defines an internal annular channel, a joiner coupled to the tool body, a sleeve telescoped within the joiner and tool body, and a ball disposed within the annular channel. The ball held within the annular channel by the sleeve, and the ball configured to move along the annular channel under force of fluid pumped into the cleanout tool. The ball creates a pulsing of fluid streams exiting the tool body. Moreover, in some example systems the fluid streams created by the tool body intersect the inside diameter of a casing at non-perpendicular angles.

A modular liquid distribution system in which each module has a module body, a spray nozzle, and a cyclically operable piston for controlling the dispensing of high viscous liquids from the spray nozzle. Each spray nozzle has a nozzle body with a liquid inlet and a tear dropped shaped pintle which together with the nozzle body defines an expansion chamber that reduces velocity of the liquid sufficient to be dispensed in small droplet form without splattering. In one embodiment, the nozzle body has a discharge orifice sized smaller than the outer diameter of the expansion chamber for accelerating liquid flow upon discharge sufficient to enhance consistent and repeatable breaks in the cyclically controlled fluid flow stream for enabling the discharge of smaller and more consistent volumes.

A spray wand for use with a chemical or chemical formulation in solid form. The spray wand has a spray wand body having a hollow tube with an angled wand spray end, a spray end selector attached to the angled wand spray end, a wand hose end screen inserted into or otherwise attached to the hollow tube of the spray wand body, and a wand hose end connected to the spray wand body. The wand hose end has a wand hose end valve for control of water flow from a hose. A refill cartridge having a swirl chamber may be attached to the hollow tube. The refill cartridge has external channels or grooves on its external surface as a water rinse feature for the spray wand.

A spray wand for use with a chemical or chemical formulation in solid form. The spray wand has a spray wand body having a hollow tube with an angled wand spray end, a spray end selector attached to the angled wand spray end, a wand hose end screen inserted into or otherwise attached to the hollow tube of the spray wand body, and a wand hose end connected to the spray wand body. The wand hose end has a wand hose end valve for control of water flow from a hose. A refill cartridge having a swirl chamber may be attached to the hollow tube. The refill cartridge has external channels or grooves on its external surface as a water rinse feature for the spray wand.

A connecting device for connecting two or more components to one another, includes an inlet section and an outlet section. The inlet section and the outlet section respectively include one or more connectors for each of the two or more components, with one or more passages extending between the inlet section and the outlet section, with the connecting device being of single piece design and being plastic.

A method of using a system to apply liquid over a selected area includes providing a source of liquid, a first tube for transporting liquid from the source through the system, a connector, a check valve and a spray device. The connector includes a projection extending into the first tube. The projection has an inlet in fluid communication with the first tube. The connector further includes an outlet and a passageway in fluid communication with the inlet of the projection and the outlet of the connector. The check valve has an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the connector and an outlet. The check valve is operable to permit the passage of liquid from the inlet to the outlet upon pressurization of the liquid above a threshold pressurization level. The method includes the steps of introducing an amount of liquid to be applied to the selected area from the source of liquid to the first tube at a pressure below the threshold pressurization level of the check valve and providing pressurized liquid through the first tube to pressurize the liquid in the first tube above the threshold pressurization level of the check valve, thereby transporting liquid from the first tube, through the connector and the check valve and through the spray device in response to pressurization of the liquid. The liquid may be ozonated water.

A method of using a system to apply liquid over a selected area includes providing a source of liquid, a first tube for transporting liquid from the source through the system, a connector, a check valve and a spray device. The connector includes a projection extending into the first tube. The projection has an inlet in fluid communication with the first tube. The connector further includes an outlet and a passageway in fluid communication with the inlet of the projection and the outlet of the connector. The check valve has an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the connector and an outlet. The check valve is operable to permit the passage of liquid from the inlet to the outlet upon pressurization of the liquid above a threshold pressurization level. The method includes the steps of introducing an amount of liquid to be applied to the selected area from the source of liquid to the first tube at a pressure below the threshold pressurization level of the check valve and providing pressurized liquid through the first tube to pressurize the liquid in the first tube above the threshold pressurization level of the check valve, thereby transporting liquid from the first tube, through the connector and the check valve and through the spray device in response to pressurization of the liquid. The liquid may be ozonated water.

An irrigation system with an alignment detector uses a plurality of discrete sensors to detect and measure each irrigator span's misalignment when moving in either direction. In particular, this sensor alignment detector utilizes a first sensor for the forward movement direction and a second sensor for the reverse movement direction, which provides a significant improvement in alignment optimization and sensitivity.

Cleanout tools and related methods of operation. At least some of the example embodiments are cleanout tools including a tool body that defines an internal annular channel, a joiner coupled to the tool body, a sleeve telescoped within the joiner and tool body, and a ball disposed within the annular channel. The ball held within the annular channel by the sleeve, and the ball configured to move along the annular channel under force of fluid pumped into the cleanout tool. The ball creates a pulsing of fluid streams exiting the tool body. Moreover, in some example systems the fluid streams created by the tool body intersect the inside diameter of a casing at non-perpendicular angles.

A controllable emitter of an irrigation apparatus including a drip line and a control station configured to control a pressure of pressurized fluid in the drip line is provided. The controllable emitter is disposable along the drip line and includes a container coupled to the drip line, the container being formed to define an interior and including an inlet through which the pressurized fluid is receivable in the interior from the drip line and an outlet through which the pressurized fluid is exhaustible from the interior, a piston, including a magnetic element, disposed at least partially in the container to occupy a position in accordance with the pressure of the pressurized fluid and a sensor configured to sense a position of the magnetic element and to communicate a sensed position to the control station.