A surface treatment method capable of preventing a surface defect by improving a surface shape determining surface roughness of a casting roll and a casting roll manufactured by the surface treatment method, are provided. A surface treatment method includes a concave-convex pattern forming operation of forming a concave-convex pattern on a surface of a casting roll; and an electrolytic polishing operation of electrolytically polishing so that a plurality of convex portions and concave portions of a concave-convex pattern formed in the concave-convex pattern forming operation are treated to be rounded.