An R-T-B based permanent magnet includes a rare earth element R, a transition metal element T, and B. The permanent magnet includes at least Nd as R. The permanent magnet includes at least Fe as T. The permanent magnet contains main phase grains and R-rich phases. The main phase grains include at least R, T, and B. The R-rich phases include at least R. The main phase grains observed in a cross section of the permanent magnet are flat. The cross section is parallel to an easy magnetization axis direction of the permanent magnet. Each of the R-rich phases is located between the main phase grains. An average value of intervals between the R-rich phases in the easy magnetization axis direction is from 5 μm to a width of the permanent magnet in the easy magnetization axis direction.

A permanent magnet includes a rare earth element R; a transition metal element T; and B. The permanent magnet includes Nd as R. The permanent magnet includes Fe as T. The permanent magnet contains main phase grains and R-rich phases. The main phase grains include R, T, and B. The R-rich phases include R. The main phase grains observed in a cross section of the permanent magnet are flat. The cross section is parallel to an easy magnetization axis direction of the permanent magnet. Each of the R-rich phases is located between the main phase grains. An average value of intervals between the R-rich phases in a direction substantially perpendicular to the easy magnetization axis direction is from 30 μm to 1,000 μm. An average value of lengths of short axes of the main phase grains observed in the cross section is from 20 nm to 200 nm.

A permanent magnet includes a rare earth element R; a transition metal element T; and B. The permanent magnet includes Nd as R. The permanent magnet includes Fe as T. The permanent magnet contains main phase grains and R-rich phases. The main phase grains include R, T, and B. The R-rich phases include R. The main phase grains observed in a cross section of the permanent magnet are flat. The cross section is parallel to an easy magnetization axis direction of the permanent magnet. Each of the R-rich phases is located between the main phase grains. An average value of intervals between the R-rich phases in a direction substantially perpendicular to the easy magnetization axis direction is from 30 μm to 1,000 μm. An average value of lengths of short axes of the main phase grains observed in the cross section is from 20 nm to 200 nm.

First nickel-based bulk metallic glass alloys having a high glass forming ability, wherein in the first nickel-based bulk metallic glass alloys both a phase having a high fracture toughness, a nickel solid solution and borides having a high hardness is formed by a heat treatment at temperatures above crystallization temperatures.

First nickel-based bulk metallic glass alloys having a high glass forming ability, wherein in the first nickel-based bulk metallic glass alloys both a phase having a high fracture toughness, a nickel solid solution and borides having a high hardness is formed by a heat treatment at temperatures above crystallization temperatures.

Disclosed is a method for producing a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material using an amorphous phase precursor. More specifically disclosed is a method for producing a powder or bulk thermoelectric material having a microstructure including a Heusler-based phase with a thermoelectric effect by crystallization of an amorphous phase precursor prepared by a non-equilibrium processes. Also disclosed is a device using a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material produced by the method. The method largely avoids the efficiency problems of conventional methods, including low productivity in scaling up caused by long annealing time, high annealing temperature, and contamination during nanopowder production, achieving improved process efficiency. In addition, the method enables efficient production of a thermoelectric material having a nano-sized microstructure that is difficult to produce by a conventional method.

Disclosed is a method for producing a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material using an amorphous phase precursor. More specifically disclosed is a method for producing a powder or bulk thermoelectric material having a microstructure including a Heusler-based phase with a thermoelectric effect by crystallization of an amorphous phase precursor prepared by a non-equilibrium processes. Also disclosed is a device using a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material produced by the method. The method largely avoids the efficiency problems of conventional methods, including low productivity in scaling up caused by long annealing time, high annealing temperature, and contamination during nanopowder production, achieving improved process efficiency. In addition, the method enables efficient production of a thermoelectric material having a nano-sized microstructure that is difficult to produce by a conventional method.

A preparation method of improved sintered neodymium-iron-boron (Nd—Fe—B) casting strips includes the following steps: firstly nucleation assisted alloy particles used for sintered Nd—Fe—B casting strips are prepared, all elements are weighted as follows: 26.68-28% of Pr—Nd, 70-72.5% of Fe and 0.90-1% of B, and a Pr element in two elements of Pr—Nd accounts for 0-30 wt %; the compounded materials are smelted and poured to obtain alloy strips, then the alloy strips are crushed into particles with diameter of 1-10 mm; secondly, Nd—Fe—B casting strips are prepared: the prepared intermediate materials are smelted and melted into molten steel, and then are refined; after the intermediate materials are fully melted, the nucleation assisted alloy particles are added; and after the nucleation assisted alloy particles are added, smelting is performed for 3-15 minutes pouring is performed, and final Nd—Fe—B alloy casting strips are obtained.

An aluminum alloy material including 1.2 atom % or more and 6.5 atom % or less of Fe, and 0.005 atom % or more and less than 0.15 atom % of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nd, W, and Sc, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.

An aluminum alloy material including 1.2 atom % or more and 6.5 atom % or less of Fe, and 0.005 atom % or more and less than 0.15 atom % of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nd, W, and Sc, with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.