The additive manufacturing apparatus includes: a height measurement unit outputting a measurement result of height at a measurement position of a build object formed on a workpiece during additive processing; and a control unit controlling a processing condition in performing new stacking at the measurement position in accordance with the measurement result. The height measurement unit includes a measurement illumination system irradiating the measurement position with measurement illumination light, an optical axis of the measurement illumination light is inclined with respect to an optical axis of a light receiving optical system, and the measurement illumination light is continuously emitted in an angular range of at least ±90 degrees with reference to a direction opposite a direction of supply of the processing material with the optical axis of the light receiving optical system as a center of a rotational angle range.

The additive manufacturing apparatus includes: a height measurement unit outputting a measurement result of height at a measurement position of a build object formed on a workpiece during additive processing; and a control unit controlling a processing condition in performing new stacking at the measurement position in accordance with the measurement result. The height measurement unit includes a measurement illumination system irradiating the measurement position with measurement illumination light, an optical axis of the measurement illumination light is inclined with respect to an optical axis of a light receiving optical system, and the measurement illumination light is continuously emitted in an angular range of at least ±90 degrees with reference to a direction opposite a direction of supply of the processing material with the optical axis of the light receiving optical system as a center of a rotational angle range.

A radiation source assembly (100) for an apparatus (110) for layer-by-layer formation of a three-dimensional object by the consolidation of particulate material, the radiation source assembly (100) comprising: a plurality of radiation sources (21), each radiation source (21) being operable to emit a respective beam of radiation (26) towards a build bed surface (12) of the apparatus (110); and one or more collimators (22) arranged to collimate the beams of radiation (26) to produce one or more collimated beams of radiation (27) and to direct said collimated beams (27) of radiation towards the particulate material on the build bed surface (12).

A radiation source assembly (100) for an apparatus (110) for layer-by-layer formation of a three-dimensional object by the consolidation of particulate material, the radiation source assembly (100) comprising: a plurality of radiation sources (21), each radiation source (21) being operable to emit a respective beam of radiation (26) towards a build bed surface (12) of the apparatus (110); and one or more collimators (22) arranged to collimate the beams of radiation (26) to produce one or more collimated beams of radiation (27) and to direct said collimated beams (27) of radiation towards the particulate material on the build bed surface (12).

A method of manufacturing pre-formed, customized, ceramic, labial/lingual orthodontic clear aligner attachments (CCAA) by additive manufacturing (AM) may comprise measuring dentition data of a profile of teeth of a patient, based on the dentition data, creating a three dimensional computer-assisted design (3D CAD) model of the patient's teeth using reverse engineering, and saving the 3D CAD model, designing a 3D CAD structure model for one or more CCAA on various parts of each tooth, importing data related to the 3D CAD CCAA structure model into an AM machine, directly producing the CCAA in the ceramic slurry-based AM machine by layer manufacturing, enabling the provider to deliver patient-specific CCAA's by an indirect bonding method to the patient's teeth to improve the efficacy and retention of the clear aligners.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

A method of operating an additive manufacturing machine may include determining an operational state and/or a remedial event for the machine based on optical anomalies on one or more optical elements of an energy beam system determined by image data from a light sensor that detects a reflected portion of an imaging beam reflected by the optical elements. The remedial event may include a maintenance event and/or a replacement event. An object may be additively manufactured using nominal operating conditions during a nominal operational state, and/or using one or more augmented operating conditions during an augmented operational state. A maintenance operation may be performed, such as cleaning and/or calibrating the one or more optical elements and/or one or more components of the energy beam system, upon having determined the remedial event that comprises the maintenance event. A replacement operation may be performed, such as replacing the one or more optical elements, upon having determined the remedial event that comprises the replacement event.

A fabrication device includes a build surface to receive layers of material for production of a 3-dimensional solid representation of a digital model and an imaging component to bind respective portions of the build material into cross sections representative of portions of data contained in the digital model. The imaging component may be a programmable planar light source utilizing a micropixelation system and refractive pixel shifting mechanism, or other imaging system. The device may include a system for controlling the density of the printed part. The object may be a powder composite component using any of a variety of powder materials or a plastic component. The object may be further post-processed to produce a high precision metal or ceramic component.

Provided herein are apparatuses, and non-transitory computer readable media regarding data assurance for instructions data utilized in forming at least one requested 3D object, and methods associated therewith. Data assurance may comprise (i) security, (ii) certification, (iii) validation, (iv) integrity, or (v) authentication. Data assurance may be implemented in a pre-formation environment and/or by a manufacturing device that forms the requested 3D object(s). The pre-formation environment may include one or more stages, and/or modules of a pre-formation environment (e.g., application).

An additive manufacturing system including a two-dimensional energy patterning system for imaging a powder bed is disclosed. The two-dimensional energy patterning system may be used to control a state of matter of each successive additive layer. Accordingly, the system may be used to alter the chemical bond arrangement of the material forming the various additive layers.