The present invention makes it possible to weld workpieces to each other efficiently firmly by friction stir welding while reducing labor and man-hours. A friction stir welding method includes a fixing step, a temporary welding step S2, and a main welding step as follows. The fixing step includes fixing the workpieces W1 and W2 to a receiving table by pressing the workpieces W1 and W2 against the receiving table by means of a plurality of spring pins 10 that, are spaced apart from one another. The temporary welding step S2 includes spot-welding the workpieces W1 and W2 to each other by friction stir welding at locations different from positions of the spring pine 10. The main welding step includes line-welding the spot-welded workpieces W1 and W2 to each other by friction stir welding.

A friction stir welding method for welding steel sheets together includes a heating device disposed ahead of a rotating tool in an advancing direction that preheats an unwelded portion before the welding thereof by the rotating tool and at the time of preheating, the surface temperature distribution in a direction perpendicular to the advancing direction in a position at which the welding by the rotating tool is initiated is set such that given that T.sub.Ac1 is the Ac.sub.1 point of a steel sheet, the maximum temperature (T.sub.U) thereof is 0.6×T.sub.Ac1<T.sub.U<1.8×T.sub.Ac1, and given that L is the width of the heating region exceeding a temperature (T.sub.L)=0.6×T.sub.Ac1, 0.3×d≦L≦2.0×d is satisfied with a diameter (d) of the shoulder.

A method for friction welding of inter alia coarse grain superalloy components, involving conditioning a shear zone of components to be welded by; a) pre-determining temperature profile for which the material of the shear zone of the components approaches viscoplasticity but does not undergo undesirable phase transformations, b) introducing friction at one or both surfaces of the components to be welded to provide a pre-defined quantum of energy sufficient to generate a peak temperature of the temperature profile at that surface whilst simultaneously applying pressure to the surfaces which is below a pressure which will cause upset at the surface, c) withdrawing the friction and/or pressure allowing the heat to disperse by conduction through the shear zone; d) after the temperature at the surface falls below peak temperature, repeating steps b) and c); and repeating step d) as necessary until the pre-determined temperature gradient is achieved throughout the shear zone.

A method for fixing a strip end segment of a metal strip wound into a coil to a strip winding of the coil arranged adjacent to the strip end segment. In order to enable the production of metal strip with improved quality, the strip end segment is fixed by materially bonding on the strip winding by means of a friction welding method.

In a double-acting friction stir spot welding device or a double-acting friction stir spot welding method, a pin member and a cylindrical shoulder member that rotates around the axis of the pin member are used as rotary tools, and a clamp member that has a cylindrical shape positioned so as to surround the outside of the shoulder member and is configured to press a workpiece from an obverse surface with an annular pressing surface of the distal end is used as a holding jig. The clamp member has an inclined surface that is adjacent to the inner edge portion of the pressing surface and inclined so as to reduce the inner diameter of the clamp member toward the back side as viewed from the pressing surface.

The present disclosure provides a wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) method for a magnesium alloy. The method includes the following steps: step 1: performing a WAAM process assisted by cooling and rolling; step 2: milling side and top surfaces of an additive part; step 3: performing, by friction stir processing (FSP) equipment, an FSP process on the additive part, and applying cooling and rolling to a side wall of the additive part through a cooling and rolling device during the FSP process; step 4: finish-milling the top surface of the additive part for a WAAM process in the next step; and step 5: repeating the above steps cyclically until final forming of the part is finished. The present disclosure completely breaks dendritic structures and refines grains in the WAAM process of the magnesium alloy, thereby effectively repairing defects such as pores and cracks.

A method for manufacturing a hollow container with use of a rotary tool including a tapered stirring pin, including: preparing a first metal member, a second metal member, and an auxiliary member; butting the first metal member and the second metal member to face with each other, the auxiliary member is interposed between the first metal member and the second metal member; and joining the first metal member with the second metal member via the auxiliary member. The first and second metal members, and the auxiliary member are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the first and second metal members have higher hardness than the auxiliary member. At least one of the first and second metal members has an inclined surface inclined outward, and the auxiliary member has an inclined surface, tapered from the external surface toward an internal surface, on at least one of the side surfaces.

The invention makes available a tool for friction stir welding, which makes it possible, with reduced effort, to connect two panel elements that butt up against one another with one another by means of friction stir welding, in the case of which a tunnel is formed in the region of the abutting side surfaces, by means of recesses formed in the manner of a channel in the side surfaces in question. For this purpose, the tool has a central axle configured in the manner of a pin, provided for coupling to a drive device, a first friction shoulder carried by the central axle, a second friction shoulder carried by the central axle at a distance from the first friction shoulder in the longitudinal direction of the central axle, two support shoulders carried by the central axle, arranged between the friction shoulders, one of which is mounted on the central axle in an axially displaceable manner, and an elastic element that is arranged between the support shoulders, and exerts an elastic force the axially displaceable support shoulder, which force is directed to the friction shoulder most closely adjacent, in each instance, to the axially displaceable support shoulder in the direction. According to the invention, the setting device includes a setting element that is driven outward, away from the central axle of the tool, in the radial direction, during use, by means of the centrifugal forces that are then in effect, and, during this process, acts against a slanted surface formed on the support shoulder, in each instance.

The invention relates to a work interface accessory, comprising an external body having a wall delimiting a recess for the introduction of a rotating portion of the friction stir welding head, an upper plate comprising fastening portions against the head, a central rotating shaft projecting to carry a work tool, the shaft comprising an internally toothed coupling sleeve to allow the shaft to be driven in rotation, when an externally toothed ring gear of the rotating portion of the head rotates in the sleeve.

A method of friction-stir welding, FSW, a joint J, for example a T joint and/or a lap joint, between a first workpiece W1 and a second workpiece W2, is described. The method comprises: performing a first pass P1 of FSW of the joint J by moving therealong a first tool (10), comprising a first probe (100) rotating in a first rotational direction RD1, in a first movement direction MD1 defining a first line L1, on a first side S1 of the joint J, comprising: inserting the first probe (100) to a first depth D1, thereby providing a first welded region WR1; withdrawing at least partially the first probe (100), thereby providing a first partially welded and/or unwelded region PWUR1; and fully withdrawing the first probe (100), thereby resulting in a first exit hole EXH1; performing a second pass P2 of FSW of the joint J by moving therealong a second tool (20), comprising a second probe (200) rotating in a second rotational direction RD2, in a second movement direction MD2 defining a second line L2, on the first side S1 of the joint J, comprising: inserting the second probe (200) to a second depth D2, thereby providing a second welded region WR2; optionally withdrawing at least partially the second probe (200); and fully withdrawing the second probe 200, thereby resulting in a second exit hole EXH2; wherein the second welded region WR2 includes the first exit hole EXH1; and wherein the second exit hole EXH2 is included in the first welded region WR1.