A polishing apparatus capable of preventing wear of rollers which are to transmit a load to a retainer ring and capable of preventing wear particles from escaping outside is disclosed. The polishing apparatus includes: a retainer ring disposed so as to surround the substrate and configured to press the polishing surface while rotating together with a head body; a rotary ring secured to the retainer ring and configured to rotate together with the retainer ring; a stationary ring disposed on the rotary ring; and a local-load exerting device configured to apply a local load to a part of the retainer ring through the rotary ring and the stationary ring. The rotary ring has rollers which are in contact with the stationary ring.

A substrate cleaning device and a substrate polishing device are provided. The substrate cleaning device is provided in a substrate polishing device, which includes a polishing table having a polishing surface for polishing a substrate and a top ring holding the substrate with a membrane while surrounding an outer peripheral part of the substrate with a retainer ring, and cleaning the surface after polishing. The top ring is freely movable between a substrate polishing position above the table and a substrate handover position at a side of the table. The substrate cleaning device is provided corresponding to a cleaning position between the polishing and handover positions, and includes a first spray unit including cleaning nozzles for spraying cleaning liquid on the substrate, membrane, and retainer ring at the cleaning position; and a second spray unit including a substrate rinse nozzle spraying rinse liquid onto the substrate at the cleaning position.

A substrate cleaning device and a substrate polishing device are provided. The substrate cleaning device is provided in a substrate polishing device, which includes a polishing table having a polishing surface for polishing a substrate and a top ring holding the substrate with a membrane while surrounding an outer peripheral part of the substrate with a retainer ring, and cleaning the surface after polishing. The top ring is freely movable between a substrate polishing position above the table and a substrate handover position at a side of the table. The substrate cleaning device is provided corresponding to a cleaning position between the polishing and handover positions, and includes a first spray unit including cleaning nozzles for spraying cleaning liquid on the substrate, membrane, and retainer ring at the cleaning position; and a second spray unit including a substrate rinse nozzle spraying rinse liquid onto the substrate at the cleaning position.

A retaining ring includes a generally annular body having an inner surface to constrain a substrate, an outer surface, and a bottom surface. The bottom surface has a plurality of channels extending from the outer surface to the inner surface and a plurality of islands separated by the channels and providing a contact area to contact a polishing pad. Each channel includes a recessed region adjacent the outer surface such that the channel is deeper in the recessed region than in a remainder of the channel. The recessed region and the remainder of the channel each have substantially uniform depth.

A retaining ring includes a generally annular body having an inner surface to constrain a substrate, an outer surface, and a bottom surface. The bottom surface has a plurality of channels extending from the outer surface to the inner surface and a plurality of islands separated by the channels and providing a contact area to contact a polishing pad. Each channel includes a recessed region adjacent the outer surface such that the channel is deeper in the recessed region than in a remainder of the channel. The recessed region and the remainder of the channel each have substantially uniform depth.

A chemical mechanical polishing method is provided, including polishing a batch of wafers in sequence on a polishing surface of a polishing pad; conditioning the polishing surface with a pad conditioner, wherein the pad conditioner is operable to apply downward force according to a predetermined downward force stored in a controller to condition the polishing surface; measuring the downward force applied by the pad conditioner with a measurement tool when the pad conditioner is at a home position and after conditioning the polishing surface; comparing the downward force measured by the measurement tool and the predetermined downward force with the controller to determine whether a difference between the downward force measured by the measurement tool and the predetermined downward force exceeds a range of acceptable values; and calibrating the downward force applied by the pad conditioner with the controller when the difference exceeds the range of acceptable values.

A chemical mechanical polishing method is provided, including polishing a batch of wafers in sequence on a polishing surface of a polishing pad; conditioning the polishing surface with a pad conditioner, wherein the pad conditioner is operable to apply downward force according to a predetermined downward force stored in a controller to condition the polishing surface; measuring the downward force applied by the pad conditioner with a measurement tool when the pad conditioner is at a home position and after conditioning the polishing surface; comparing the downward force measured by the measurement tool and the predetermined downward force with the controller to determine whether a difference between the downward force measured by the measurement tool and the predetermined downward force exceeds a range of acceptable values; and calibrating the downward force applied by the pad conditioner with the controller when the difference exceeds the range of acceptable values.

An embodiment retainer ring includes an outer ring encircling an opening and an inner ring attached to the outer ring. The inner ring is disposed between the opening and the outer ring. The inner ring includes a softer material than the outer ring and a plurality of voids within the softer material.

An embodiment retainer ring includes an outer ring encircling an opening and an inner ring attached to the outer ring. The inner ring is disposed between the opening and the outer ring. The inner ring includes a softer material than the outer ring and a plurality of voids within the softer material.

A polishing head system capable of precisely controlling a pressing force of a retainer member, such as a retainer ring, against a polishing pad. The polishing head system includes: a polishing head including an actuator configured to apply a pressing force to the workpiece, a retainer member arranged outside the actuator, and piezoelectric elements coupled to the retainer member; and a drive-voltage application device configured to apply voltages independently to the piezoelectric elements.