A method for making an upgraded and embossed laminar supporting element, in particular leather, by applying several layers on the surface of the leather, including an aqueous base coat and a lacquer coat and partially removing water and/or solvent from said layers followed by embossing and optionally further drying.

A composite material contains a nonwoven layer (i) which contains fibers formed from a first thermoplastic elastomer having meshes with a mesh size in the range from 10 to 100 μm, and a membrane layer (ii) which contains a second thermoplastic elastomer and having a layer thickness of less than 30 μm. The membrane is either pore-free (ii.1) or is porous and has pores with an average pore diameter of less than 2000 nm (ii.2). The membrane (ii) is at least partially in direct contact with the fibers of the nonwoven layer (i) and covers the mesh openings in the nonwoven layer (i) at least partially. The fibers of the first nonwoven layer (i) and the membrane (ii) in the contact area are at least partly joined to one another in an interlocking manner.

A method and an apparatus for producing a relief-pattern forming, the method and apparatus being suitable for producing a film-like material, such as an embossed film, having a fine relief-structure pattern formed on a surface thereof so as to have a distinctive optical effect with higher quality, good productivity, and fewer defects. A transfer pattern printed layer having an inverted structure of a relief-structure pattern is formed on a second substrate by printing a transfer pattern onto the surface of a first substrate on which the relief-structure pattern is formed at a predetermined position by registration with the relief-structure pattern followed by drying, laminating with the second substrate, curing and peeling.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a conductive membrane transfer sheet including a first release sheet and a conductive membrane is provided. The first release sheet includes a liquid-permeable sheet. The conductive membrane includes a conductive fiber supported on a first major surface of the first release sheet. The first release sheet and the conductive membrane contain a first liquid.

Electrochemical cells, and more specifically, release systems for the fabrication of electrochemical cells are described. In particular, release layer arrangements, assemblies, methods and compositions that facilitate the fabrication of electrochemical cell components, such as electrodes, are presented. In some embodiments, methods of fabricating an electrode involve the use of a release layer to separate portions of the electrode from a carrier substrate on which the electrode was fabricated. For example, an intermediate electrode assembly may include, in sequence, an electroactive material layer, a current collector layer, a release layer, and a carrier substrate. The carrier substrate can facilitate handling of the electrode during fabrication and/or assembly, but may be released from the electrode prior to commercial use.

The disclosure provides post-production methods for functionalization of optical quality films produced by top tier manufactures. The methods disclosed herein allow for the incorporation of different additives into existing films.

A protective garment is constructed with a fibrous material. The fibrous material comprises a first nonwoven layer, a second nonwoven layer, and a nanofiber layer laminated between the first nonwoven layer and the second nonwoven layer. The fibrous material has a mean flow pore size greater than or equal to about 0.02 micron and less than or equal to about 0.5 microns, and a water vapor transmission rate greater than or equal to about 10000 g/m.sup.2/day and less than or equal to about 100000 g/m.sup.2/day. In a method of making a fibrous layer, a first nonwoven layer and a nanofiber layer are provided. A polyurethane reactive resin is applied to the first nonwoven layer in an amount of 2 to 30 g/m.sup.2. The nanofiber layer is then laminated to the first nonwoven layer applied with the polyurethane reactive resin and pressed to form the fibrous layer.

A method for preparing a bifunctional film, including: (a) drying a first polymer solution to form a film to form an anti-adhesion layer, and (b) drying a second polymer solution over the anti-adhesion layer to form a film to form an attachment layer. The first polymer solution includes a first hydrophobic solution and a first hydrophilic solution, and in the first polymer solution, the weight ratio of the solute of the first hydrophobic solution to the solute of the first hydrophilic solution is 1:0.01-1. Moreover, the second polymer solution is composed of a second hydrophilic solution.

A photochromic polyurethane laminate that is constructed to solve certain manufacturing difficulties involved in the production of plastic photochromic lenses is disclosed. The photochromic laminate includes at least two layers of a resinous material and a photochromic polyurethane layer that is interspersed between the two resinous layers and which contains photochromic compounds. The polyurethane layer is formed by curing a mixture of a solid thermoplastic polyurethane, at least one isocyanate prepolymer, at least one photochromic compound, and a stabilizing system.

A method for preparing a bifunctional film, including: (a) drying a first polymer solution to form a film to form an anti-adhesion layer; and (b) drying a second polymer solution over the anti-adhesion layer to form a film to form an attachment layer. The first polymer solution includes a first hydrophobic solution and a first hydrophilic solution, and in the first polymer solution, the weight ratio of the solute of the first hydrophobic solution to the solute of the first hydrophilic solution is 1:0.01-1. Moreover, the second polymer solution consists of a second hydrophilic solution.