A security device is disclosed, comprising an array of focussing elements with regular periodicity in at least a first direction, each focusing element having an optical footprint of which different portions will be directed to the viewer in dependence on the viewing angle; and an array of image elements with regular periodicity in at least the first direction overlapping the array of focusing structures, the image elements representing portions of at least two respective images, and at least one image element from each respective image being located in the optical footprint of each focusing structure. The security device includes a first region and a second region which is laterally offset from the first, the image elements in the first region being laterally shifted in at least the first direction relative to the image elements in the second region such that, at a first viewing angle, in the first region of the device the focussing structures direct image elements corresponding to a first image to the viewer such that the first image is displayed across the first region of the device, and simultaneously, in the second region of the device, the focussing structures direct image elements corresponding to a second image to the viewer such that the second image is displayed across the second region of the device, and at a second viewing angle the second image is displayed across the first region of the device and simultaneously the first image is displayed across the second region of the device. The security device further comprises a colour filter located in use between the image elements and the viewer, the colour filter overlapping at least part of the array of focussing elements and the array of image elements, and having a first colour in the first region of the device and a different colour in the second region of the device such that the colour appearance of the first and second images is different in the respective first and second regions of the device.

A laminating machine comprises at least one material source, configured as a sheet feeder, for sheets of a material to be laminated. The laminating machine further comprises at least one laminating unit. The laminating machine also comprises at least two lamination sources, each for at least one web-type laminating material. The laminating machine additionally comprises at least one laminating unit for producing a material web, which is laminated on both sides, from the sheets and the respective at least one laminating material. At least one lamination control device is disposed downstream of a laminating region of the laminating unit, along a transportation path provided for the transporting of the laminated material web. The control device monitors a control region, lying outside a transport region that is occupied by the transportation path provided for the laminated material web.

A laminating machine comprises at least one material source, configured as a sheet feeder, for sheets of a material to be laminated. The laminating machine further comprises at least one laminating unit. The laminating machine also comprises at least two lamination sources, each for at least one web-type laminating material. The laminating machine additionally comprises at least one laminating unit for producing a material web, which is laminated on both sides, from the sheets and the respective at least one laminating material. At least one lamination control device is disposed downstream of a laminating region of the laminating unit, along a transportation path provided for the transporting of the laminated material web. The control device monitors a control region, lying outside a transport region that is occupied by the transportation path provided for the laminated material web.

A method for applying a transfer ply of a foil to a substrate, with the steps of: a) regionally applying a radically curable adhesive to the transfer ply and/or the substrate by means of an inkjet printhead; b) precuring the adhesive by UV irradiation; c) applying the transfer ply to the substrate by means of a stamping apparatus; d) fully curing the adhesive by UV irradiation; e) peeling a carrier ply of the foil, to leave at least one first subregion of the transfer ply on an application region of the substrate, and at least one second subregion of the transfer ply on the carrier ply; f) winding up or recoiling the carrier ply with the remaining second subregion of the transfer ply; g) applying at least one further subregion of the transfer ply remaining on the carrier ply to the substrate by at least once repeating steps a) to f).

A method for applying a transfer ply of a foil to a substrate, with the steps of: a) regionally applying a radically curable adhesive to the transfer ply and/or the substrate by means of an inkjet printhead; b) precuring the adhesive by UV irradiation; c) applying the transfer ply to the substrate by means of a stamping apparatus; d) fully curing the adhesive by UV irradiation; e) peeling a carrier ply of the foil, to leave at least one first subregion of the transfer ply on an application region of the substrate, and at least one second subregion of the transfer ply on the carrier ply; f) winding up or recoiling the carrier ply with the remaining second subregion of the transfer ply; g) applying at least one further subregion of the transfer ply remaining on the carrier ply to the substrate by at least once repeating steps a) to f).

A laminate includes a diffraction layer that is optically transmissive and includes a diffraction part with a plurality of diffraction units being repetition of a diffraction unit in a direction extending the diffraction layer, each diffraction unit including at least one diffraction element with a reflective diffraction grating; and an absorption layer that is optically transmissive with a plurality of absorption parts for at least part of visible light, the absorption layer facing the diffraction layer with light passing between the diffraction layer and the absorption layer. The laminate has an observation side opposite where the diffraction layer faces the absorption layer; the diffraction layer has a surface serving as a front surface opposite to the surface facing the absorption layer; and in plan view perpendicular to the front surface of the diffraction layer, each of the absorption parts aligns with one of the diffraction elements.

A laminate includes a recording layer, a translucent front covering layer and a security foil laminated between the recording layer and the front covering layer and sealed in the laminate. The security foil has a thickness that is or less the thickness of the recording layer to prevent or reduce falsification reusing the security foil. The security foil includes a relief layer having a relief surface and a protective layer covering the relief surface. In the thickness direction of the laminate, the protective layer adheres to the recording layer and the relief layer adheres to the front covering layer. The adhesion strength between the security foil and the recording layer is higher than the adhesion strength between the security foil and the front covering layer.

A laminate includes a recording layer, a translucent front covering layer and a security foil laminated between the recording layer and the front covering layer and sealed in the laminate. The security foil has a thickness that is or less the thickness of the recording layer to prevent or reduce falsification reusing the security foil. The security foil includes a relief layer having a relief surface and a protective layer covering the relief surface. In the thickness direction of the laminate, the protective layer adheres to the recording layer and the relief layer adheres to the front covering layer. The adhesion strength between the security foil and the recording layer is higher than the adhesion strength between the security foil and the front covering layer.

Disclosed is a method for making a window in a thin plastic accommodating layer by inserting an insert from a thin plastic supply layer, the method including the following steps: cutting an opening in the accommodating layer according to the shape of the future window, punching the supply layer to produce an insert and inserting the insert into the opening, wherein the punching and at least one first phase of insertion are carried out in a single movement of a single punching and inserting tool, in a direction going from the supply layer to the accommodating layer.

Disclosed is a method for making a window in a thin plastic accommodating layer by inserting an insert from a thin plastic supply layer, the method including the following steps: cutting an opening in the accommodating layer according to the shape of the future window, punching the supply layer to produce an insert and inserting the insert into the opening, wherein the punching and at least one first phase of insertion are carried out in a single movement of a single punching and inserting tool, in a direction going from the supply layer to the accommodating layer.