In various exemplary embodiments, a seed mat for insertion into an apparatus for growing plants is provided, wherein the seed mat includes a carrier substrate and seeds, wherein the seeds are fixed on the carrier substrate by means of an adhesive. Furthermore, a method for producing a seed mat in various exemplary embodiments may include: applying an adhesive on a carrier substrate; applying seeds on the carrier substrate provided with the adhesive; and fixing the seeds by the adhesive on the carrier substrate.

In various exemplary embodiments, a seed mat for insertion into an apparatus for growing plants is provided, wherein the seed mat includes a carrier substrate and seeds, wherein the seeds are fixed on the carrier substrate by means of an adhesive. Furthermore, a method for producing a seed mat in various exemplary embodiments may include: applying an adhesive on a carrier substrate; applying seeds on the carrier substrate provided with the adhesive; and fixing the seeds by the adhesive on the carrier substrate.

The mycelial foam contains macroscopic void spaces that are formed by filler elements, such as agar beads, that are incorporated in the mycelial matrix during growth of the matrix and are removed from the matrix after growth in a non-destructive manner, such as by heating. The foam may be made of pure mycelium or may be a composite biomaterial.

The mycelial foam contains macroscopic void spaces that are formed by filler elements, such as agar beads, that are incorporated in the mycelial matrix during growth of the matrix and are removed from the matrix after growth in a non-destructive manner, such as by heating. The foam may be made of pure mycelium or may be a composite biomaterial.

Dry compositions for conditioning soil are provided that enhance plant growth by creating beneficial soil environments. The dry compositions include a superabsorbent polymer and a cellulosic fiber that includes at least one of hydroxyethylcellulose and methyl cellulose. In addition, methods are provided for improving soil condition by applying the compositions to soil. The compositions have improved handling properties, including flowability in commercial applications, relative to superabsorbent polymers alone. Surprisingly, the compositions can improve soil moisture retention, increase the uptake of nutrients by plants, reduce leaching of nutrients, pesticides, and microbes, and improve seedling ability to break through soil crusts as well or better than superabsorbent polymers alone.

Dry compositions for conditioning soil are provided that enhance plant growth by creating beneficial soil environments. The dry compositions include a superabsorbent polymer and a cellulosic fiber that includes at least one of hydroxyethylcellulose and methyl cellulose. In addition, methods are provided for improving soil condition by applying the compositions to soil. The compositions have improved handling properties, including flowability in commercial applications, relative to superabsorbent polymers alone. Surprisingly, the compositions can improve soil moisture retention, increase the uptake of nutrients by plants, reduce leaching of nutrients, pesticides, and microbes, and improve seedling ability to break through soil crusts as well or better than superabsorbent polymers alone.

A synthetic soil substrate system has a plurality of synthetic soil substrate layers that are individually designed to promote plant growth as the roots grow into the layer and as a function of the growth stage. The synthetic soil substrate layers may be planar or may be concentrically arranged with a first synthetic soil substrate ring layer being configured inside of a second synthetic soil substrate ring layer. A synthetic soil substrate has pores that are configured for plant growth and retention and/or deliver of water and growth additives. The average pore size of a first synthetic soil substrate layer may be substantially different from the average pore size of an adjacent synthetic soil substrate layer. Also, the pore structure or shape of the pores may be different between synthetic soil substrate layers, The synthetic soil substrate may have an integral growth additive retained in the pores.

A synthetic soil substrate system has a plurality of synthetic soil substrate layers that are individually designed to promote plant growth as the roots grow into the layer and as a function of the growth stage. The synthetic soil substrate layers may be planar or may be concentrically arranged with a first synthetic soil substrate ring layer being configured inside of a second synthetic soil substrate ring layer. A synthetic soil substrate has pores that are configured for plant growth and retention and/or deliver of water and growth additives. The average pore size of a first synthetic soil substrate layer may be substantially different from the average pore size of an adjacent synthetic soil substrate layer. Also, the pore structure or shape of the pores may be different between synthetic soil substrate layers, The synthetic soil substrate may have an integral growth additive retained in the pores.

A growing medium for a plant production apparatus utilized in greenhouse crop production is provided. The growing medium comprises a fibrous, non-woven matrix media material wherein the media material is constructed from a plastic material.

A smart home gardening cabinet is disclosed that includes a plurality of plant growing drawers each having a vertical lift door and an automatic precision weather system to grow a specific type of plants, each automatic precision weather system includes an array of lights for photosynthesis, an air circulation system, and a water circulation system that provides nutrient water to the specific plants in each plant growing drawer; each plant growing drawers having a plant growing tray that includes an array of growing holes filled with a sponge materials to absorb and retain nutrients which are misted to the roots of the plants, excess nutrient water being returned to the water circulation system to save water.