In a vehicle, a first rotating electrical machine, is connected to first wheels via a clutch, and second rotating electrical machines are connected to second wheels or the first wheels without going through the clutch. A power control device allocates electric power to the second rotating electrical machines with higher priority over the first rotating electrical machine when adding additional power to power of an internal combustion engine, thereby generating power of the second rotating electrical machines with higher priority over power of the first rotating electrical machine.

Described herein are devices, systems, and methods for managing the power consumption of an automotive vehicle, and thereby for optimizing the power consumption of the vehicle. The devices and systems for managing the power consumption of the vehicle typically include power management logic that can calculate an applied power for the vehicle engine based on information provided from the external environment of the vehicle, the operational status of the vehicle, one or more command inputs from a driver, and one or more operational parameters of the vehicle.

An apparatus comprising an interface, a memory and a processor. The interface may be configured to receive sensor data samples during operation of a vehicle. The memory may be configured to store the sensor data samples over a number of points in time. The processor may be configured to analyze the sensor data samples stored in the memory to detect a pattern. The processor may be configured to manage an application of brakes of the vehicle in response to the pattern.

A method manages energy of a hybrid vehicle. The vehicle includes a heat engine, one or more electric traction motors, a high-voltage traction battery, a low-voltage on-board battery for accessories of the vehicle, a current inverter to transform direct currents into alternating currents for the electric motor, and a reversible current transformer to convert high-voltage current into low-voltage current of the on-board battery and to use a stock of energy available in the low-voltage battery to not draw energy from the high-voltage battery when it has a relatively low level of charge. The method includes determining an operating point of the vehicle involving a minimum fuel consumption in the heat engine by imposing on the electric motor a torque that minimizes a criterion of total fuel consumption by the consumption of the heat engine, power consumed in the traction battery, and power consumed in the on-board battery.

A hybrid vehicle including a front motor for driving front wheels, a rear motor for driving rear wheels, and a step-up converter for stepping-up the voltage from a battery and supplying power to the front motor, in which an engine is started to shift the vehicle from an EV mode into a series mode when the output power of the step-up converter is lower than the required power of the front motor, the hybrid vehicle includes a hybrid control unit which computes maximum output power of the step-up converter and, when the output power of the step-up converter is more than the maximum output power, increases the distribution ratio of the travel driving torque of the rear wheel, thereby increasing the output torque of the rear motor.

In a hybrid vehicle including: a step-up converter for stepping-up the voltage from a battery and supplying power to the front motor for driving front wheels; as well as a paddle switch for setting regenerative braking torque stepwisely, and a hybrid control unit for calculating a regenerative braking force based on a selection stage set by the paddle switch, the hybrid control unit decreases the regenerative braking force to be less than the regenerative braking force while the maximum input/output power of the step-up converter is not limited, when a selection stage in which regenerative braking force is more than that in a D range is selected while the maximum input/output power of the step-up converter is limited.

Disclosed is a hybrid work vehicle capable of smooth work travel using a work device with a low output internal combustion engine, while avoiding battery exhaustion. The vehicle includes an internal combustion engine that supplies drive power to a travel device and a work device via power transmission means, a motor generator that is driven by a battery, a load information generation part that generates load information representing a sudden increase in rotational load, an assist characteristic determination part that determines motor assist characteristics defining an assist amount and an assist time period of assist control based on load information, and a motor control unit that controls the motor generator based on the motor assist characteristics.

An upper limit charging rate is limited when a speed position of an automatic transmission is high as compared to when the speed position is low, so an engine is hard to enter a high torque state even when the speed position is high. Thus, it is possible to suppress vibrations and noise that tend to occur at the time when the engine is driven at a low rotation speed and high torque. On the other hand, the upper limit charging rate increases when the speed position is low as compared to when the speed position is high, with the result that a charging rate increases, so it is possible to keep a state of charge of a battery within an appropriate range.

A secondary battery includes: a cathode; an anode; an electrolytic solution; and an interlayer provided between the cathode and the anode and including one or more of a polyphosphate salt, a melamine salt, a melamine derivative represented by Formula (1), a metal hydroxide, and a metal hydrate, the interlayer partially entering into the cathode, the anode, or both. ##STR00001## (R1 to R6 are each one of a hydrogen group (—H), a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a monovalent hydroxyl-group-containing hydrocarbon group, a monovalent group obtained by bonding one or more monovalent hydrocarbon groups and one or more oxygen bonds (—O—), a monovalent group obtained by bonding one or more monovalent hydroxyl-group-containing hydrocarbon groups and one or more oxygen bonds, and a monovalent group obtained by bonding two or more thereof.)

A power transmission includes first and second clutches for switching a transmission path for a driving force. A work vehicle includes a clutch controlling unit and an engine controlling unit. The clutch controlling unit is configured to determine which of first and second modes the transmission path is switched into based on which of a range of greater than or equal to a mode switching threshold and a range of less than or equal to the mode switching threshold a speed ratio parameter falls into, and is configured to output a clutch command signal causing one of the first and second clutches to be engaged corresponding to the determined mode. The engine controlling unit is configured to apply an offset to a rotational speed of an input shaft such that after switching into the determined mode, the speed ratio parameter deviates from the mode switching threshold in the switched mode.