A torque sensor for a bicycle includes a coil. The torque sensor may include a support that is disposable around a device of the bicycle, such that the support and the device of the bicycle are separated by an air gap. The torque sensor may also include an excitation coil supported by the support, and a sense coil supported by the support at a distance away from the excitation coil in an axial direction of the support. The excitation coil is configured to induce a voltage and/or current in the sense coil via the device of the bicycle when the support is disposed around the device of the bicycle. The induced voltage is related to a torque in the device.

A torque sensor for a bicycle includes a coil. The torque sensor may include a support that is disposable around a device of the bicycle, such that the support and the device of the bicycle are separated by an air gap. The torque sensor may also include an excitation coil supported by the support, and a sense coil supported by the support at a distance away from the excitation coil in an axial direction of the support. The excitation coil is configured to induce a voltage and/or current in the sense coil via the device of the bicycle when the support is disposed around the device of the bicycle. The induced voltage is related to a torque in the device.

A method of operating a vehicle having an engine, a throttle valve and a throttle operator. A continuously variable transmission operatively connected to the engine has a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt operatively connecting the driving and driven pulleys. A ground engaging member is operatively connected to the driven pulley. A piston is operatively connected to the driving pulley for applying a piston force thereto and thereby changing an effective diameter of the driving pulley. A control unit controls actuation of the piston and the piston force. The method includes detecting a stall condition indicative of the vehicle being stalled, and, responsive to the detection, setting the piston force to be zero.

An auxiliary force control system and a method for a power-assisted bicycle are disclosed. The system has a sensing device, a mobile computing device, a first controller, and a second controller. The sensing device receives a riding torque and a riding speed. The mobile computing device generates a tuning factor via a first and a second ANN model. Personal data and historical riding data are input data of the first ANN model. Predicted grade outputted by the first ANN model, the personal data, and environment data are input data of the second ANN model. The first controller generates a final factor according to the tuning factor, a mode factor, and a gap-range factor. The second controller outputs a motor driver current according to a parameter of target output of the motor, which is generated based on the final factor, to the motor to drive the motor.

An auxiliary force control system and a method for a power-assisted bicycle are disclosed. The system has a sensing device, a mobile computing device, a first controller, and a second controller. The sensing device receives a riding torque and a riding speed. The mobile computing device generates a tuning factor via a first and a second ANN model. Personal data and historical riding data are input data of the first ANN model. Predicted grade outputted by the first ANN model, the personal data, and environment data are input data of the second ANN model. The first controller generates a final factor according to the tuning factor, a mode factor, and a gap-range factor. The second controller outputs a motor driver current according to a parameter of target output of the motor, which is generated based on the final factor, to the motor to drive the motor.

A device for controlling a motor of an electric bicycle. The device includes a control electronics system that is set up to control a torque of the motor in a normal operating mode based on an acquired driver torque; to detect during normal operation whether, at the current motor torque, no rotation of the motor is taking place even though a driver torque is being exerted, and to control the motor to continue to provide the motor torque in a blocking operating mode if it has been detected that at the present motor torque no rotation of the motor is taking place even though a driver torque is being exerted.

A method for operating an electric bicycle. The method includes: detecting a mechanical load of a component of the bicycle in a load parameter set caused by a drive of the electric bicycle, ascertaining a resultant mechanical load, which results from the mechanical load of the component caused by the drive since a start of the detection of the mechanical load, based on the load parameter set, and limiting a torque provided by the drive when the resultant mechanical load exceeds a limiting value.

A bicycle image capturing device is provided that reduces annoying operations for changing an operation state. The bicycle image capturing device includes a controller. The controller includes a reception unit and an electronic control unit. The reception unit is configured to obtain information related to a component of a bicycle. The bicycle component is operable in at least a first state and a second state that differs from the first state. The electronic control unit is configured to control a first image capturing unit based on the information obtained by the reception unit.

An electric pedelec bottom bracket drive includes a drive unit, a drive controller, and an ambient temperature detector. The drive unit includes a drive unit housing, a drive motor arranged therein, and a housing temperature sensor which measures a housing temperature. The drive controller supplies electrical drive energy to the drive motor and includes a housing temperature control module which is connected to the housing temperature sensor and which controls an electrical drive energy to not exceed a housing limit temperature. The ambient temperature detector is arranged to detect an air temperature outside of the drive unit housing and is connected to the housing temperature control module. The housing temperature control module limits a maximum electrical drive energy as a function of the air temperature when the housing temperature measured by the housing temperature sensor is above a control intervention limit temperature which is below the housing limit temperature.