A lighting system for a vehicle having a housing, a plurality of elements generating an intensity of light and a controller. The controller selectively changing the intensity of at least one of the plurality of elements based on a sensed condition.

A method for plausibilizing a sensor signal of a single-track vehicle. The method includes: estimating gear ratios between a wheel speed of a wheel and a pedaling frequency of a pedal of a pedal unit and/or a drive speed of a drive of the single-track vehicle at multiple points in time; ascertaining a value of a reliability indicator based on the estimated gear ratios, the value of the reliability indicator being ascertained with the aid of a statistical parameter, in particular a variance, of the estimated gear ratios and/or a histogram of the estimated gear ratios; and plausibilizing the sensor signal based on a comparison of the value of the reliability indicator with a threshold value, the threshold value corresponding to a maximally permissible value of the reliability indicator.

A human-powered vehicle control device includes an acquisition unit, a first electronic controller, an operation probability output model and a second electronic controller. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire input information related to traveling of a human-powered vehicle. The first electronic controller is configured to decide control data of a device provided at the human-powered vehicle in accordance with a predetermined control algorithm based on the input information acquired and performs automatic control on the device by the control data decided. The operation probability output model outputs a probability of a rider performing an intervening operation on automatic control of the device based on the input information. The second electronic controller is configured to change a parameter for deciding the control data in a case where a probability that is output from the operation probability output model is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

An ebike comprises a front wheel, a rear wheel, a frame structure supported on the front wheel and the rear wheel, a crank assembly, and a battery assembly. The frame structure can include a front fork supported on the front wheel, a head tube coupled to the front fork, and a down tube extending downward and rearward from the head tube, the down tube defining a down tube axis and being open at its lower end. The crank assembly can be supported by the frame structure and can be rotatable about a crank axis that is spaced rearward from the down tube axis. The battery assembly can be at least partially secured in the down tube in an installed position and can be slidable into the down tube from the lower end of the down tube along the down tube axis.

A method of operating a vehicle having an engine, a throttle valve and a throttle operator. A continuously variable transmission operatively connected to the engine has a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt operatively connecting the driving and driven pulleys. A ground engaging member is operatively connected to the driven pulley. A piston is operatively connected to the driving pulley for applying a piston force thereto and thereby changing an effective diameter of the driving pulley. A control unit controls actuation of the piston and the piston force. The method includes detecting a stall condition indicative of the vehicle being stalled, and, responsive to the detection, setting the piston force to be zero.

An auxiliary force control system and a method for a power-assisted bicycle are disclosed. The system has a sensing device, a mobile computing device, a first controller, and a second controller. The sensing device receives a riding torque and a riding speed. The mobile computing device generates a tuning factor via a first and a second ANN model. Personal data and historical riding data are input data of the first ANN model. Predicted grade outputted by the first ANN model, the personal data, and environment data are input data of the second ANN model. The first controller generates a final factor according to the tuning factor, a mode factor, and a gap-range factor. The second controller outputs a motor driver current according to a parameter of target output of the motor, which is generated based on the final factor, to the motor to drive the motor.

An auxiliary force control system and a method for a power-assisted bicycle are disclosed. The system has a sensing device, a mobile computing device, a first controller, and a second controller. The sensing device receives a riding torque and a riding speed. The mobile computing device generates a tuning factor via a first and a second ANN model. Personal data and historical riding data are input data of the first ANN model. Predicted grade outputted by the first ANN model, the personal data, and environment data are input data of the second ANN model. The first controller generates a final factor according to the tuning factor, a mode factor, and a gap-range factor. The second controller outputs a motor driver current according to a parameter of target output of the motor, which is generated based on the final factor, to the motor to drive the motor.

There is provided a straddle type vehicle including a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to: change, upon receiving a boost signal from a boost input device, a target torque from a normal torque to a boost torque obtained by adding a predetermined boost amount to the normal torque; and correct, upon receiving a predetermined inclination signal from the posture detector, the target torque such that a torque change of the drive wheel when the target torque is changed from the normal torque to the boost torque is decreased as compared with a case where the inclination signal is not received.

A two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle is disclosed. In one aspect, the two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle comprises a first wheel and a second wheel, the first wheel and the second wheel being spaced apart and substantially parallel to one another. The two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle further comprises a foot placement section connecting the first wheel and the second wheel. The two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle further comprises a set of position sensors in the foot placement section, the set of position sensors configured to generate inclination angle signals and velocity signals of the two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle. The two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle further comprises a first gravity sensor and a second gravity sensor in the foot placement section, the first gravity sensor and the second gravity sensor configured to generate weight signals and gravity angle signals. In addition, the two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle comprises a control logic configured to output control signals that control the movement of the two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle in response to the inclination angle signals, the velocity signals, the weight signals, and the gravity angle signals.

A calculation method and apparatus for calculating a starting point for acceleration/deceleration operation of a vehicle with high accuracy using more input values while at the same time keeping calculation cost and time to a minimum is disclosed herein. An ECU making up a system calculates a start point for acceleration/deceleration operation of a vehicle on the basis of traveling condition information that changes as the vehicle travels and vehicle information that changes only slightly as a result of the travel of the vehicle. As a result, if the driver maintains a throttle operator at a given opening angle or more at a point before the start point, an actuator applies a force in the direction of closing a throttle valve to the throttle operator, thereby notifying the driver that the vehicle is close to the start point.