A method for controlling electronic shifting of a bicycle includes identifying, by a processor, sensor data. The sensor data identifies a state of the bicycle. The processor determines a rider engagement status based on the identified sensor data. The processor determines a target cadence based on the determined rider engagement status. The processor determines a cadence band based on the determined target cadence. The electronic shifting of the bicycle is controlled based on the determined cadence band. The controlling of the electronic shifting of the bicycle includes actuating a motor of the bicycle for electronic shifting of the bicycle when a cadence of the bicycle is outside of the determined cadence band.

A hub assembly is provided for a human-powered vehicle. The hub assembly includes a hub axle, a hub body, a bearing spacer and a first hub body bearing. The hub body is rotatably mounted on the hub axle to rotate around a rotational center axis of the hub assembly. The bearing spacer has an inner peripheral end provided to the hub axle and an outer peripheral end spaced radially outward of the inner peripheral end in a radial direction with respect to the rotational center axis. The first hub body bearing is disposed at the outer peripheral end of the bearing spacer and rotatably supporting the hub body.

A hub assembly is provided for a human-powered vehicle. The hub assembly includes a hub axle, a hub body, a bearing spacer and a first hub body bearing. The hub body is rotatably mounted on the hub axle to rotate around a rotational center axis of the hub assembly. The bearing spacer has an inner peripheral end provided to the hub axle and an outer peripheral end spaced radially outward of the inner peripheral end in a radial direction with respect to the rotational center axis. The first hub body bearing is disposed at the outer peripheral end of the bearing spacer and rotatably supporting the hub body.

A bicycle with an electric pedal assist motor capable of driving a chainring independent of cranks includes wheel speed sensors and crank cadence sensors. The wheel speed sensors and the crank cadence sensors measure wheel speed and crank cadence, respectively, and provide the measured wheel speed and crank cadence to controller of the bicycle. The controller activates motor overdrive based on the measured wheel speed and/or the measured crank cadence.

Disclosed is a landing apparatus for a motorcycle having a vertically arranged sub-wheel, which includes: rotation driving units fixed adjacently to footrests on opposite sides of the motorcycle and including a DC motor, a deceleration module and a motor frame; first main folding links rotatably coupled to opposite sides of the motor frame and rotated by the DC motor; second main folding links rotatably coupled inside the first main folding link; auxiliary folding links rotatably coupled to the motor frame; sub-wheel vertical arranged links having one side rotatably coupled to an inside of a lower end of the second main folding link, and an opposite side rotatably coupled to an inside of the auxiliary folding link, and having an inside coupled to a sub-wheel; and fixing frames for fixing the rotation driving units adjacently to the footrests.

A position sensor according to the present invention includes: a magnet configured to move together with a moving body and generate a first magnetic flux along a specific movement direction of the moving body and a second magnetic flux along the opposite direction to the specific movement direction of the moving body; and a sensor configured to detect the direction of the first magnetic flux and the direction of the second magnetic flux. The magnet is configured by at least one magnet having at least two pairs of magnetic poles to be paired formed thereon.

A human-powered vehicle control device is provided for suitably controlling a rotation state of a wheel of a human-powered vehicle. The human-powered vehicle control device includes a first detector and an electronic controller. The first detector is configured to detect information related to a driving force of the wheel of the human-powered vehicle on a road surface. The electronic controller is configured to change an operation state of a suspension device of the human-powered vehicle in response to a detection result of the first detector.

A human-powered vehicle control device is provided for suitably controlling a rotation state of a wheel of a human-powered vehicle. The human-powered vehicle control device includes a first detector and an electronic controller. The first detector is configured to detect information related to a driving force of the wheel of the human-powered vehicle on a road surface. The electronic controller is configured to change an operation state of a suspension device of the human-powered vehicle in response to a detection result of the first detector.

A rear derailleur of a bicycle includes a fixing portion having a first pivot portion and a second pivot portion, a linkage assembly including a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft, a moving portion, a chain guide assembly connected to the moving portion, and a driving assembly. An end of the first connecting shaft is pivotally connected to the first pivot portion via a first pivot. An end of the second connecting shaft is pivotally connected to the second pivot portion via a second pivot. The moving portion has a third pivot portion pivotally connected to the first connecting shaft via a third pivot and a fourth pivot portion pivotally connected to the second connecting shaft via a fourth pivot. The driving assembly is disposed on either the first connecting shaft or the second connecting shaft and drives one of the first to fourth pivots to drive the linkage assembly to pivot.

A control system for a human-powered vehicle includes a suspension device, at least one detector, an electronic controller. The suspension device includes a first suspension and a second suspension. The at least one detector is configured to detect information related to at least two conditions of the human-powered vehicle. The conditions include an operating state of the suspension device, a power input to the human-powered vehicle, a torque of a power transmission component, and a rotating state of the power transmission component. The electronic controller is configured to selectively control the suspension device between a first operating state and a second operating state in accordance with a detection result obtained by the at least one detector.