Provided is a multifunctional structure for electrical energy and mechanical environment management, which comprises a main structure module, four rechargeable/dischargeable power source modules (PSMs), a vibration reduction system and a sensor module. The main structure module includes a framework, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate. Elastic blocks are arranged between the periphery of each PSM and walls of the square cavity used for accommodating the PSM. Elastic cushions are arranged between the bottom surface of each PSM and the lower cover plate, and between the top surface of each PSM and the upper cover plate. The multifunctional structure, by means of embedding the PSMs into the interior of the structure, can realize high integration of multiple functions, such as bearing, power supply and vibration reduction, and can greatly improve the load/mass ratio, the load/volume ratio and the function/structure ratio of a system platform.

A satellite system operates at altitudes between 180 km and 350 km relying on vehicles including an engine to counteract atmospheric drag to maintain near-constant orbit dynamics. The system operates at altitudes that are substantially lower than traditional satellites, reducing size, weight and cost of the vehicles and their constituent subsystems such as optical imagers, radars, and radio links. The system can include a large number of lower cost, mass, and altitude vehicles, enabling revisit times substantially shorter than previous satellite systems. The vehicles spend their orbit at low altitude, high atmospheric density conditions that have heretofore been virtually impossible to consider for stable orbits. Short revisit times at low altitudes enable near-real time imaging at high resolution and low cost. At such altitudes, the system has no impact on space junk issues of traditional LEO orbits, and is self-cleaning in that space junk or disabled craft will de-orbit.

A control system for a spacecraft for determining a resultant torque that is exerted upon a spacecraft by one or more magnetic torque rods is disclosed. The spacecraft is configured to revolve around a celestial body in an orbit. A magnetic field of the celestial body is predictable, and a direction of the magnetic field located around the orbit is fixed. The control system includes the one or more magnetic torque rods, one or more processors in electronic communication with the one or more magnetic torque rods, and a memory coupled to the one or more processors. The memory stores data into a database and program code that, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the control system to instruct the one or more magnetic torque rods to exert the resultant torque upon the spacecraft.

A control system configured to execute a safing mode sequence for a spacecraft is disclosed. The control system includes one or more star trackers that each include a field of view to capture light from a plurality of space objects surrounding the celestial body. The control system also includes one or more actuators, one or more processors in electronic communication with the one or more actuators, and a memory coupled to the one or more processors. The memory stores data into a database and program code that, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the control system to determine a current attitude of the spacecraft, and re-orient the spacecraft from a current attitude into a momentum neutral attitude.

A spacecraft onboard equipment and payload storage system comprising a spacecraft having an interior volume, wherein said interior volume comprises a interior annular portion; a annular storage support track connected to said spacecraft within said spacecraft's interior annular portion; and at least one storage module that is movably connected to said annular storage support track.

A wafer-scale satellite bus and a manner of making the same include using wafer reconstruction techniques to stack functional diced circuits onto each other and bond them. The disclosed techniques allow for a variety of functions in each die, including providing, without limitation: ground-based communications, attitude and propulsion control, fuel tanks and thrusters, and power generation. The wafers are initially manufactured according to a common wafer design that provides electrical and power interconnects, then different wafers are further processed using subsystem-specific techniques. The circuits on differently-processed wafers are reconstructed into a single stack using e.g. wafer bonding. Surface components are mounted, and the circuitry is diced to form the final satellites. Mission-specific functions can be incorporated, illustratively by surface-mounting, to the bus at an appropriate stage of assembly, on-wafer circuitry or instrument packages for performing these functions.

A method, for providing spatial stability and electrical power with a hybrid power source and control moment gyroscope (HPCMG), includes producing spatial stability force for the HPCMG by spinning a central mass within a first transverse gimbal assembly about a first axis of rotation of a control moment gyroscope (CMG). The CMG includes the first transverse gimbal assembly, the central mass, and a second gimbal assembly rotationally connected to the first transverse gimbal assembly. The first transverse gimbal assembly is rotationally connected to the central mass at a first position of the first transverse gimbal assembly and at a second position of the first transverse gimbal assembly along the first axis of rotation. The method includes producing a voltage potential with the central mass. The method includes charging or discharging the central mass through conductive bearings.

A battery pack comprises a stack of battery-board assemblies. Each battery-board assembly includes a circuit board, an electrical connector mounted on the circuit board, and a battery cell secured to a side of the circuit board. The battery cells are sandwiched between the circuit boards and the connectors are interconnected. The circuit boards and the connectors electrically connect the battery cells together.

Spacecraft with increased cargo capacities, and associated systems and methods are disclosed, A representative spacecraft system includes a launch vehicle elongated along a launch vehicle axis and having at least one stage carrying a corresponding rocket engine. The representative system further includes an annular support structure carried by the at least one stage and positioned to support a cargo spacecraft having a service module and a cargo module. The cargo module of the cargo spacecraft is positioned along the launch vehicle axis in a direction distal from the support structure, and at least a portion of the service module of the cargo spacecraft positioned within an annulus of the support structure

To manage propellant in a spacecraft, the method of this disclosure includes storing propellant in a tank as a mixture of liquid and gas; transferring the propellant out of the tank; converting the mixture of liquid and gas propellant into a single phase, where the single phase is either liquid or gaseous; and supplying the single phase of the propellant to a thruster.