A method of converting lignin to phenolic compounds and dicarboxylates in high yield is described. The method involves the use of peroxy acids to react with lignin at a moderated treatment conditions. The peroxy acids can be used along or in combination of other catalysts that have the capability to lower the molecular weight of lignin. A phenolic compounds yield is achieved (>60%) and these phenolic compounds represents high value precursors for various applications include but not limited to antioxidants, health improvement agents, anticorrosive agents, liquid fuel components and performance enhancing agents, resin and adhesives. Dicarboxylic acids can be used for polymer applications or hydrodeoxygenation to hydrocarbon fuel.

A method of converting lignin to phenolic compounds and dicarboxylates in high yield is described. The method involves the use of peroxy acids to react with lignin at a moderated treatment conditions. The peroxy acids can be used along or in combination of other catalysts that have the capability to lower the molecular weight of lignin. A phenolic compounds yield is achieved (>60%) and these phenolic compounds represents high value precursors for various applications include but not limited to antioxidants, health improvement agents, anticorrosive agents, liquid fuel components and performance enhancing agents, resin and adhesives. Dicarboxylic acids can be used for polymer applications or hydrodeoxygenation to hydrocarbon fuel.

Compositions, devices, and methods are disclosed for treating or preventing fungal infection in an animal are provided. The methods involve exposing the animal to one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a quantity sufficient to inhibit or reduce fungal growth in the animal. Also disclosed is an automated aerosolization unit (AAU) for delivering compositions, such as the disclosed VOCs, to areas, such as habitats, to treat or prevent fungal infections in animals.

Described herein is a synergistic preservative composition used for providing broad spectrum antimicrobial activity comprising: (i) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of propylene carbonate; (ii) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of one or more organic compounds selected from the group consisting of propanediol, capryl hydroxamic acid, and isopropyl methyl phenol; and (iii) about 0.1 wt. % to 99.0 wt. % of phenoxyethanol, a preservative compound, and wherein, the composition provides synergy having Synergy Index (SI) value of the total composition from about 0.05 to about 1.0. Also described is a process for preparing said synergistic preservative composition and method of using the same.

Described herein is a synergistic preservative composition used for providing broad spectrum antimicrobial activity comprising: (i) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of propylene carbonate; (ii) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of one or more organic compounds selected from the group consisting of propanediol, capryl hydroxamic acid, and isopropyl methyl phenol; and (iii) about 0.1 wt. % to 99.0 wt. % of phenoxyethanol, a preservative compound, and wherein, the composition provides synergy having Synergy Index (SI) value of the total composition from about 0.05 to about 1.0. Also described is a process for preparing said synergistic preservative composition and method of using the same.

Described herein is a synergistic preservative composition used for providing broad spectrum antimicrobial activity comprising: (i) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of propylene carbonate; (ii) about 0.1 wt. % to about 99.9 wt. % of one or more organic compounds selected from the group consisting of propanediol, capryl hydroxamic acid, and isopropyl methyl phenol; and (iii) about 0.1 wt. % to 99.0 wt. % of phenoxyethanol, a preservative compound, and wherein, the composition provides synergy having Synergy Index (SI) value of the total composition from about 0.05 to about 1.0. Also described is a process for preparing said synergistic preservative composition and method of using the same.

A composition including (a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) according to the general formula (Ia)

R.sup.a1R.sup.a2N—P(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2  (Ia)

wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.a1 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.a2 is H; or R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and (b) at least one specific herbicide.

A composition including (a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) according to the general formula (Ia)

R.sup.a1R.sup.a2N—P(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2  (Ia)

wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.a1 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.a2 is H; or R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and (b) at least one specific herbicide.

This patent is for a kill and protect surface disinfectant and a hand sanitizer for combatting contact infection spread. The kill and protect surface disinfectant composition is comprised of between about 0.20% (w/w) to about 1.00% (w/w) benzalkonium chloride; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 3.00% (w/w) hydrogen peroxide; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 0.75% (w/w) 3-(tri-methoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and between about 95.25% (w/w) to about 99.30% deionized water. The hand sanitizer is comprised of between about 0.05% (w/w) to about 0.20% (w/w) benzalkonium chloride; between about 0.20% (w/w) to about 0.50% (w/w) 3-(tri-methoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 0.75% (w/w) phenoxyethanol and between about 98.55% (w/w) to about 99.5% (w/w) deionized water. The two work together to safeguard a community from contact infection spread.

This patent is for a kill and protect surface disinfectant and a hand sanitizer for combatting contact infection spread. The kill and protect surface disinfectant composition is comprised of between about 0.20% (w/w) to about 1.00% (w/w) benzalkonium chloride; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 3.00% (w/w) hydrogen peroxide; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 0.75% (w/w) 3-(tri-methoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and between about 95.25% (w/w) to about 99.30% deionized water. The hand sanitizer is comprised of between about 0.05% (w/w) to about 0.20% (w/w) benzalkonium chloride; between about 0.20% (w/w) to about 0.50% (w/w) 3-(tri-methoxysilyl)propyldimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride; between about 0.25% (w/w) to about 0.75% (w/w) phenoxyethanol and between about 98.55% (w/w) to about 99.5% (w/w) deionized water. The two work together to safeguard a community from contact infection spread.