The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.

Provided herein are prodrug compounds, their preparation and their uses, such as treating liver diseases or nonliver diseases via intervening in molecular pathways in the liver.

The present disclosure provides methods of making nicotinoyl riboside compounds or derivatives of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein X.sup.−, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are described herein, reduced analogs thereof, modified derivatives thereof, phosphorylated analogs thereof, and adenylyl dinucleotide conjugates thereof, or salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof; and novel crystalline forms thereof.

The present invention relates, inter alia, to methods for the prevention or treatment of cancer, and to compositions, combinations and kits for the treatment or prevention of cancer. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating or preventing cancer, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an immune checkpoint modulator together with a compound of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein X is SO.sub.3M or H, wherein M is any pharmaceutically acceptable cation; and wherein at least 70% of the X groups is SO.sub.3M.

The present invention relates to novel Inclusion Complexes of Compound A, compositions comprising an Inclusion Complex of Compound A, and methods of using the Inclusion Complexes of Compound A for preparing compositions useful for treating or preventing HCV infection in a patient, wherein Compound A has the structure: ##STR00001##

The disclosure provides nicotinamide riboside (NR), the reduced form of NR (NRH), nicotinic acid riboside (NAR), the reduced form of NAR (NARH), derivatives thereof, compositions thereof and uses thereof. The NR and NAR derivatives have improved stability and bioavailability compared to NR and NAR. NR, NRH, NAR, NARH, and derivatives thereof can increase intracellular NAD.sup.+ levels, and can enhance mitochondrial and cellular function and cell viability. Therefore, NR, NRH, NAR, NARH, and derivatives thereof, whether alone or in combination with one or more additional therapeutic agents (e.g., a PARP inhibitor), are useful for treating mitochondrial diseases, mitochondria-related diseases and conditions, and other disorders and conditions.

This disclosure provides a method of synthesis of 4′-thioribose NAD+ and analogues thereof, using an efficient chemoenzymatic approach. Also provided are methods of inhibiting the CD38 enzyme and compounds including 4′-thioribose NAD+ and compounds related thereto.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), such as hesperitin-7-rutinoside 2S, for use in the treatment of visceral hypersensitivity. Compounds and compositions of the invention are particularly useful in the treatment of visceral hypersensitivity in a subject having irritable bowel syndrome or age-associated low grade systemic inflammation of the gut, but lacking spasmodic intestinal contractions.

The present invention refers to a combination of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate in combination with at least one antacid agent, in particular magaldrate, for the prevention or treatment of gastric hyperacidity and gastroesophageal reflux and related pathologies thereof. More particularly, the combination is used for the preparation of oral compositions with at least one pharmaceutical carrier and advantageously that comprise a bioadhesive agent as well.

The present disclosure is directed to capsid assembly inhibitor compositions and methods for use in the treatment of hepatitis B virus infection.