A method for monitoring a fluidic system of a liquid chromatography system is characterized by: (a) drawing a fluid into a syringe pump; (b) configuring a valve so as to fluidically couple the pump to either a fluidic pathway through the fluidic system or to a plug that prevents fluid flow; (c) causing the syringe pump to progressively compress the fluid therein or expel the fluid to the fluidic pathway, while measuring a pressure of the fluid; (d) determining a profile of the variation of the measured pressure; (e) comparing the determined profile to an expected profile that depends upon the fluid; and (f) providing a notification of a sub-optimal operating condition or malfunction if the determined profile varies from the expected profile by greater than a predetermined tolerance.

Methods for transferring a separation procedure from a first chromatographic system to a second one are disclosed that involve substantially matching a pressure profile. In some such methods, a length, an area, and a particle size of a first column in the first system and a flow rate in the first separation procedure are identifiable. Some such methods also involve selecting a combination of a length, an area, and a particle size of a second column in the second system and a flow rate for the second separation procedure. These methods may involve calculating a target length, a target area, or a target particle size for the second column in the second system or a target flow rate for the second separation procedure.

The present disclosure relates generally to a system of method development in a highly-compressible fluid based chromatography system. In particular, the disclosure relates to method development in a carbon dioxide based chromatography system which can avoid non-laminar flow conditions. The system can include characterization of the chromatographic system in the form of one or more charts that can be used during method development to select chromatographic separation conditions that avoid non-laminar flow. For example, the onset of non-laminar conditions can be plotted as a function of volumetric flow rate and the mobile phase composition, e.g., carbon dioxide: methanol (v/v %).

Methods for transferring a carbon dioxide based separation procedure from a reference chromatographic system to a target chromatographic system involve alternative techniques for determining system pressure drops not attributable to the column. One technique involves leveraging experimental chromatography to develop a correction factor that is a function of at least one correction coefficient and at least one ratio of the differential analyte retention time to the retention time in the reference system. Another technique involves leveraging other experimental measurements of tubing pressure drops under various condition to develop a lookup table that can be used to identify likely tubing pressure drops in the target system. A third technique leverages knowledge of the separation procedure and the target system and the likely nature of the relevant flow to calculate tubing pressure drops in the target system.

The present disclosure relates to an onshore lithium-recovering device for a lithium ion adsorption and desorption process including a supply unit for supplying lithium-containing water in which lithium is dissolved, a composite unit, a washing unit, a desorbing liquid unit, an extract liquid unit, a pressure adjusting unit, a discharge unit, and a control unit. Therefore, the lithium adsorption means is moved onshore so it is possible to significantly reduce the plant installation cost and the operating cost as compared to the lithium recovery process that operates the conventional offshore plant.

The present disclosure describes an apparatus of managing solvent associated with a field flow fractionator. In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus includes (1) a union assembly coupled to a detector flow output from at least one detector coupled to a field flow fractionator, and (2) a recycle and waste assembly coupled to an output of the union assembly and a channel cross flow output of the field flow fractionator.

A one-dimensional linear array of liquid plugs separated by a gas phase is coalesced by (1) pumping the array through a conduit having a flow restriction of sufficient resistance or (2) a rapid and sudden increase in applied pressure (such as by increasing the flow rate). In this way, the flow of material through the conduit is restricted sufficiently to compress the gas phase into (partial or full) solubility within one or more components of the liquid phase.

The present disclosure relates to methodologies, systems and apparatus for controlling pressure in a CO.sub.2-based chromatography system. A first CO.sub.2 pump operates in constant flow mode and delivers CO.sub.2 to a chromatography column, and liquid modifier is introduced to the chromatography column according to a gradient. A second CO.sub.2 pump is disposed downstream of the column and operates in constant pressure mode to introduce CO.sub.2 into a flow stream at an output of the column. Liquid modifier is also introduced into the flow stream at the output of the column according to a reverse gradient compared to the gradient entering the chromatography column.

The present disclosure relates to methodologies, systems and apparatus for controlling pressure in a CO.sub.2-based chromatography system. A first pressure control element is located downstream of a CO.sub.2-based chromatography system and is disposed to control pressure within the column. A split restrictor is located downstream of the primary pressure control element and is disposed to divert a portion of the mobile phase flow to a detector. A second pressure control element is located downstream of the split restrictor and is disposed to control pressure at the restrictor. While the first pressure control element executes a pressure-controlled gradient separation, the second pressure control element maintains a constant pressure at the restrictor. During a composition-programmed gradient separation, the second control element maintains a constant pressure at the split restrictor while the first pressure control element maintains a constant average density across the column.

The present disclosure relates to methodologies, systems and devices for controlling pressure of a mobile phase in a CO.sub.2-based chromatography system. A pump is used to pump a mobile phase containing CO.sub.2 and is located upstream of a chromatography column. A primary pressure control element is located downstream of the chromatography column and controls the pressure of the mobile phase within the column. A secondary pressure control element is located downstream of the primary pressure control element and maintains the pressure of the mobile phase above a threshold value between an outlet of the primary pressure control element and the point of detection within a detector. The detector is located downstream of both the primary pressure control element and the secondary pressure control element.