A water treatment system is provided, including a raw water tank connected to a water supply, a reverse osmosis unit arranged to produce purified water from water input from the raw water tank via a raw water supply line, at least one water treatment facility alongside the raw water supply line downstream of the raw water tank and upstream of the reverse osmosis unit, and a reuse water feedback line arranged to feed waste water and/or grey water collected from the reverse osmosis unit and/or the at least one water treatment facility back to the raw water tank for reuse. In a water treatment method in such a water treatment system, waste water and/or grey water collected from the reverse osmosis unit and/or the at least one water treatment facility is fed back to the raw water tank for reuse.

A system and method for on-site cleaning of an ion exchange resin is disclosed. The system includes a mixing tank in fluid communication with a resin vessel, first and second chemical sources, first, second, and third pumps, and a deionized water source. The mixing tank and pumps are mounted on a portable skid. A cleaning solution is made within the mixing tank by displacing oxygen from the tank with a nitrogen blanket, and injecting a sulfite solution, an acid, and deionized water into the mixing tank. The third pump is configured to recirculate and mix the cleaning solution, drawing the cleaning solution from the mixing tank, past an instrument bank, and back into the mixing tank until mixed. The third pump is also configured to inject the cleaning solution into the resin vessel containing the ion exchange resin. The portable system is in fluid communication with a waste sump.

Described herein are methods of recovering lithium from dilute lithium sources. The methods include extracting lithium from an extraction feed using direct lithium extraction in an extraction stage to yield a lithium intermediate, performing one or more concentration operations, each concentration operation concentrating an input stream to yield an output feed, wherein the input stream is obtained from the lithium intermediate and/or the extraction feed is obtained from the output feed. At least one of the concentration operations includes a membrane separation operation having a plurality of reactors in series each having a semi-permeable membrane, such as a counter-flow reverse osmosis operation. Methods may also include generating a low TDS stream as a permeate from any of the one or more concentration operations, wherein the low TDS stream is recycled or used as fresh water.

The present invention relates to a method for purifying a feed comprising a concentration of a target product in a chromatography system (10) having a first adsorption purifying unit (13). The first adsorption purifying unit has a capacity for binding the target product and is configured to receive the feed from a first holding tank (12), receiving continuous feed from a bioreactor (11), and to provide the target product (14) at an outlet (13b). The method comprises: a) loading (S20) the first adsorption purifying unit (13) with a volume of feed provided from the first holding tank (12), the volume of feed comprising an amount of the at least one target product corresponding to less than, or equal to, the capacity for binding the target product in the first adsorption purifying unit, b) washing, eluting, cleaning and regenerating (S30) the first adsorption purifying unit (13) while filling the first holding tank (12) with feed, said first holding tank (12) having a volume of at least the amount of the feed provided by the bioreactor (11) during this step, and repeating step a) and b) for a predetermined number of cycles.

A process for the purification of extracts poor in hydroxytyrosol (HT) without the use of organic solvents in order to obtain concentrated HT products. More specifically, a process to obtain concentrated hydroxytyrosol (HT) extracts using as raw material poor HT extracts (less than 5% HT d.b) derived from the olive industry, without the use of organic solvents, comprising the following steps: a) adjusting the pH of the poor HT extract to a pH value less than 7 using a pH regulator; b) loading the poor HT extract onto a weak base anion exchange resin of polystyrene, styrene, divinylbenzene, polydivinylbenzene, polystyrene-DVB, or styrene-DVB matrix; c) eluting the resin using hot water at a temperature between 50-100? C. to obtain a purified HT extract.

A method of selectively recovering a lipophilic target substance. An insoluble adsorbent is exposed to a solution of the target substance in a lipophilic solvent. Adsorption of the adsorbent with the target substance is facilitated by addition of hydrophilic solvent, which is less hydrophobic than the lipophilic solvent, to the solution during or after exposure of the solution to the insoluble adsorbent, lowering the temperature of the solution or evaporating a portion of the lipophilic solvent. The adsorbent Is isolated from the solution. For desorbing and recovering the target substance, a hydrophobic dissociation fluid may be combined with the adsorbent, a temperature of the adsorbent may be increased or a portion of the hydrophilic solvent may be evaporated. A solution may be exposed to one or more adsorbents for recovering additional lipophilic target substances, recovering hydrophilic target substances or removing unwanted substances.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for recharging zirconium phosphate. The devices, system, and methods use a patient pre-dialysis BUN level to set one or more recharge parameters for recharging the zirconium phosphate. The devices, systems, and methods allow for precision recharging of the zirconium phosphate based on the patient pre-dialysis BUN level.

A method of treating an adsorbent for a chromatographic separation. The method involves sonicating particles of an inorganic metal oxide having fragile edges in the absence of any alkylating or acylating agent to form smoothened particles of the inorganic metal oxide and washing the smoothened particles of the inorganic metal oxide to remove fine particulate matter to produce a treated adsorbent. The treated adsorbent can be used in a method of isolating a daughter radioisotope from a daughter radioisotope that is produced from the parent radioisotope by radioactive decay.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for purifying a protein capable of significantly reducing amount of impurities and achieving a high recovery rate, compared to a method for purifying a protein using an activated carbon of the related art. The present invention relates to a method for purifying a protein using an activated carbon, including: bringing an activated carbon pretreatment solution obtained by adjusting conductivity of a protein-containing aqueous solution into contact with an activated carbon; separating the protein and impurities in a non-adsorption mode to obtain the protein of interest with a low content of impurities.

Provided are methods for determining the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) phenotype in a sample by mass spectrometry; wherein the ApoE allele(s) present in the sample is determined from the identity of the ions detected by mass spectrometry. In another aspect, provided herein are methods for diagnosis or prognosis of Alzheimer's disease or dementia.