The present invention relates to a lithium compound manufacturing method comprising the steps of heat treatment of lithium-containing ore; roasting the heat-treated ore with sulfuric acid to prepare an acid product; mixing the acid product with leaching water to prepare a leachate; purifying the leachate; and adding a phosphorus supply material and a basic material to the purified leachate to obtain a solid lithium phosphate.

The present invention relates to a method for effectively utilizing fructose raffinate obtained in the process for separating psicose conversion product with a high purity chromatography in the process for preparing psicose, and more specifically, it is utilized for preparation of fructose-containing raw material solution for preparation of psicose by putting fructose raffinate obtained in the process for preparing psicose into the process for preparing fructose.

A process is described for the separation of at least one inositol from a carob extract. The carob extract is filtered and demineralized, and has a Brix value greater than 60 and a pinitol content of 5 to 25 wt %. The carob extract is subjected to chromatographic separation which involves at least one passage on a chromatographic resin. This produces an aqueous solution comprising 35 to 70 wt % pinitol and a Brix value of 20 or lower. The aqueous solution is then purified to obtain a purified aqueous solution having a pinitol content of more than 55%.

The invention is directed to ion capture devices and methods for ion capture.

Naphthenate deposition is formed from tetraprotic naphthenic acids having aliphatic chains and high molecular weight, provided with four carboxylic terminations, sometimes called ARN acids. Obtaining these species from their matrix of origin requires the prior use of sample preparation methods aiming at an efficient extraction of naphthenic acids. Obtaining ARN acids from naphthenate deposits is advantageous in the potential for reusing waste and reducing environmental damage. The process also adds value to waste materials from the oil production and exploration process.

The present invention relates to the field of laboratory-scale sample preparation, which describes a methodology for the specific isolation of tetraprotic naphthenic acids, called ARN acids, from residual naphthenate deposits from petroleum production.

The method consists of cleaning the naphthenate deposit, converting the naphthenate salts to naphthenic acids and isolating the ARN acids from the other organic acids, using a silica-based sorbent material with aminopropyl functional groups, previously selected for an efficient elution of different functional groups and polarities.

The results of ESI(−)-FT-ICR MS showed that the methodology is promising because it provided an excellent separation by difference in polarity and as a function of different molecular weight ranges, thus reducing the complexity of the organic acid extract obtained from the naphthenate deposit. Furthermore, it allowed the separation of the different acidic species that were present in the sample. The results of ESI(−)-FT-ICR MS also indicated that one of the fractions concentrated into ARN acids, including discharged species and especially ARN acids in the form of monocharged ions. The ESI(−)-Orbitrap MS data corroborated those obtained by ES(−)-FT-ICR MS, making consistent the statement that the extract obtained from the naphthenate deposit contains a mixture of acids and that the fractionation developed provided the isolation of ARN acids from naphthenate deposits. Furthermore, the integrations of the .sup.1H NMR spectra of acidic fractions as a function of molecular weight highlighted the expressive presence of alkyl compounds and absence of aromatic hydrogens in the fraction of interest.

Methods are described herein for making a composition comprising at least one of caffeic acid, monocaffeoylquinic acids, and dicaffeoylquinic acids, and salts thereof.

The present invention relates to the production of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products.

A rotary counter-current solid/fluid contact apparatus is developed to enhance the efficiency of adsorption, ion exchange and regenerative heat exchange. The counter-current apparatus uses a rotor to direct fluids to multiple stationary columns. By the action of the rotor, counter-current flows of a fluid phase and a solid phase can be achieved for a combined adsorption and desorption cycle, or a combined heating and cooling cycle. The apparatus allows not only countercurrent solid-fluid flows based on columns in series, but also countercurrent solid-fluid flows in the length of each individual column. A method is also disclosed.

A method of forming an electrode for capacitive deionization includes depositing an slurry onto a substrate, wherein the slurry comprises a porous material, a first crosslinkable hydrophilic polymer, and a crosslinker for the first crosslinkable hydrophilic polymer; annealing the slurry deposited on the substrate to create a crosslinked porous layer on the substrate; depositing an solution comprising an ion-exchange material, a second crosslinkable hydrophilic polymer, and a crosslinker for the second crosslinkable hydrophilic polymer onto the crosslinked porous layer; and optionally annealing and/or drying the solution on the crosslinked porous layer.

First and second flow-path portions are opposite to each other, and communicate with each other such that a direction in which an eluent flows through the first flow-path portion and a direction in which an eluent flows through the second flow-path portion are opposite to each other. First and second electrode liquid flow paths are respectively opposite to the first and second flow-path portions. First and second electrode liquids are respectively supplied to the first and second electrode liquid flow paths, such that a direction in which the first electrode liquid flows through the first electrode liquid flow path is same as a direction in which an eluent flows through the first flow-path portion and a direction in which the second electrode liquid flows through the second electrode liquid flow path is same as a direction in which an eluent flows through the second flow-path portion.