The present invention provides a system and methods for filtering fluid using filter papers, stationary paper, cloth sheets or any other porous material. In one embodiment, the present invention uses the lateral flow direction along the porous sheets, instead of conventional vertical flow direction, for the removal of bacteria and particle contamination in the range from nanometers to millimeters. The pore sizes in the filter media along the lateral direction are modulated by controlling the compression of the porous sheets, instead of conventionally designing filters with different pore sizes. The lateral flow fluid filter system is scalable simply by increasing the feed area, feed length, and the number of porous sheets. The invention presents a universal fluid filtration system for wide range of applications such as water purification, food processing, chemical industry, oil and gas industry, and biological applications.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to coated substrates having, e.g., anti-viral properties, to articles including the coated substrates, and to processes for making such coated substrates and articles. In an embodiment, a coated substrate is provided. The coated substrate includes a substrate having a weight of about 120 g/m.sup.2 or less according to ASTM D3776, mineral oxide particles, iron oxide particles, or both, coupled to at least a portion of the substrate wherein the coated substrate has a breathing resistance (95 L/min, EN 149:2001) of about 6 mbar or less.

A first subject of the present invention has an antiviral formulation with metallic copper particles in an unoxidized form and having a median particle diameter inferior or equal to 200 nm, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide, and a bonding matrix material. A second subject of the invention has an antiviral filtering material with a layer of textile and at least one layer of an antiviral coating comprising metallic copper particles in an unoxidized form and having a median particle diameter inferior or equal to 200 nm, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide, and a bonding matrix into which both metallic copper particles and graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide are anchored. The invention also concerns methods of preparation of the antiviral formulation and of the antiviral filtering material. Finally, the invention includes an antiviral face mask with a layer of textile coated with the antiviral formulation.

A blood processing filter includes a container having 2 ports respectively functioning as an inlet for a liquid to be processed and as an outlet for the processed liquid, and a filtration medium filled in the container, wherein an airflow resistance of the filtration medium is 55.0 kPa.Math.s/m or more and less than 85.0 kPa.Math.s/m, the filtration medium includes a filter material A having an airflow resistance per unit basis weight of 0.01 kPa.Math.s.Math.m/g or more and less than 0.04 kPa.Math.s.Math.m/g and a filter material B having an airflow resistance per unit basis weight of 0.04 kPa.Math.s.Math.m/g or more, at least a part of the filter material A is disposed on a side closer to the inlet for a liquid to be processed than the filter material B, and a sum of airflow resistances of the filter material A is 6.0 kPa.Math.s/m or more.

The invention provides a vacuum cleaner filter bag comprising a wall of an air-permeable material enclosing an interior and an inlet opening introduced into the wall, wherein the air-permeable material comprises at least one layer of a nonwoven fabric, which comprises powdery and/or fibrous recycled material from the production of textiles, in particular cotton textiles, wherein the at least one layer of the nonwoven fabric comprises powdery and/or fibrous recycled material having a density of 0.005 g/cm.sup.3 to 0.03 g/cm.sup.3, in particular of 0.007 g/cm.sup.3 to 0.02 g/cm.sup.3.

A fabrication method for a filter containing tragacanthin-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers includes obtaining a homogenous tragacanthin-PVA solution by obtaining a PVA solution by dissolving PVA in distilled water, and adding tragacanthin to the PVA solution. The method may further include obtaining a support layer by coating a stainless steel mesh with a thin layer of a hydrophobic polymer, coating a stainless steel mesh with the thin layer of the hydrophobic polymer comprising electrospinning a hydrophobic polymer solution onto the stainless steel mesh, and forming a tragacanthin-PVA nanofibrous web on the support layer by electrospinning the homogenous tragacanthin-PVA solution onto the support layer.

A nonwoven filtration medium that includes a fibrous base media including synthetic and/or natural fibers and micro fibrillated cellulose fibers.

A nonwoven filtration medium that includes a fibrous base media including synthetic and/or natural fibers and microfibrillated cellulose fibers.

A filter that contains an adsorbent to remove the soluble portion of the contaminant, and then some form of electrostatic attraction additive. The electrostatic attraction additive would serve to pull the colloidal and particulate portion of the contaminant out of fluid, which could be held indefinitely, or be used to hold while the contaminant is allowed to solubilize and then be removed by the adsorbent. The electrostatic attraction additive could either be positively or negatively charged depending on the surface charge of the particulates that are in the fluid, and includes particles or fibers charged with charged polymers, zeolites, cation or anion exchange resin, powdered alumina, or nano-alumina.

The Edo Cup 2.0 is an open, suspended, accordion type paper single cup fillable completely biodegradable and recycle-able beverage disposable filter.

The filter can be in several shapes and sizes and may display corporate logs, up to an including religious symbols, sayings and holiday messages.

The filter may enclose flavors (in the filter paper) or be pre-soaked in flavors prior to packaging for sale.