The present invention discloses a method for ammonium-enhanced flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by using red mud slurry. The method specifically includes: crushing red mud, sieving the crushed red mud, slurrying the red mud, conducting aeration treatment, adding an ammonium salt and/or ammonia, and conducting natural sedimentation to obtain pretreated red mud slurry and pretreated red mud liquor; adding an ammonium salt and/or ammonia to the slurry, adding water and conducting uniform mixing, conducting pre-FGD, conducting deep desulfurization on treated flue gas by using the pretreated red mud liquor, and directly discharging desulfurized flue gas; and charging the pretreated red mud slurry and the pretreated red mud liquor obtained after the treatment to a replacement tank below, adding lime milk to the replacement tank, conducting stirring and natural sedimentation, conducting soilization on subnatant thick red mud slurry, and refluxing the supernatant to a red mud aeration tank.

The present invention discloses a desulfurization unit, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system and a vehicle, the desulfurization unit comprises a container for holding a desulfurizing agent, wherein the container comprises: an inner wall and an outer wall, a water cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, a water inlet and a water outlet in communication with the water cavity are arranged on the outer wall, the top of the container is provided with a gas outlet and the bottom of the container is provided with a gas inlet; and a double threaded bush arranged at the gas outlet, wherein the double threaded bush comprises an inner bush and an outer bush that adopt threaded connection, the outer wall of the outer bush is connected to the hole wall of the gas outlet in a threaded manner, and the inner wall of the inner bush is connected to an adapter in a threaded manner. The structural design of the desulfurization unit of the SOFC system can effectively solve the problem of slow temperature rise of the desulfurizing agent in the desulfurization unit of the SOFC system.

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

A SO.sub.2 adsorption material, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof, and a method for removing SO.sub.2 from flue gas containing SO.sub.2 are provided. The SO.sub.2 adsorption material contains a carbonized metal organic framework material and a sulfite loaded on the carbonized metal organic framework material, and the carbonized metal organic framework material is a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing a metal organic framework material. On the basis of the total weight of the SO.sub.2 adsorption material, the loading amount of sulfite is not higher than 10 wt %. The SO.sub.2 adsorption material has a relatively high SO.sub.2 adsorption capacity, and may be desorbed and regenerated by heating, and the adsorption capacity still remains at a relatively high level after multiple cycles of adsorption-desorption.

A method for scrubbing flue gas, comprising: providing a rotating packed bed device onboard a ship or an offshore floating vessel; mixing seawater with the flue gas under centrifugal force in the rotating packed bed device to prevent blow-by and produce a scrubbed flue gas having low sulfur; and discharging the scrubbed flue gas; wherein the scrubbed flue gas has less than half of the sulfur that was originally present in the flue gas before the mixing. Also, a system for scrubbing the flue gas according to the method described. Also, a marine ship, comprising: an engine that combusts HSFO; a rotating packed bed device, in a hull or funnel of the ship, comprising a rotating shaft and a porous material that mixes seawater with flue gas and reduces sulfur in the flue gas; and a connector from the engine and the rotating packed bed device.

The present disclosure provides for collection and separation systems, collection and separation methods, isotope analsis systems, methods of processing samples to analyze .sup.15N, .sup.13C, and S.sup.34, and the like. In an aspect, the present disclosure provides for a system that includes a collection system in gaseous communication with a first device, wherein the collection system is configured to isolate two or more gases of a gaseous sample and configured to introduce each to a second device independently of one another.

An efficient ammonia desulphurization and oxidation apparatus includes a desulphurization tower, where spray layers in multiple stages and a tower reactor are sequentially arranged in the desulphurization tower; a first gas-liquid distribution plate, a second gas-liquid distribution plate, and a third gas-liquid distribution plate are sequentially arranged in the tower reactor; an ammonia distribution zone is formed between the first and second gas-liquid distribution plates, and an ammonia water distributor is further arranged between the first gas-liquid distribution plate and the second gas-liquid distribution plate in the ammonia distribution zone; an absorption zone is formed between the second and third gas-liquid distribution plates; an oxidation zone is formed between the third gas-liquid distribution plate and a bottom of the tower; in the oxidation zone, oxidizing air distributors in multiple stages are arranged at a lower side of the third gas-liquid plate.

A membrane module includes a housing. The housing includes a housing, comprising: a first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes, and a second plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes different from the first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes. The first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes has a first length, and the second plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes has a second length that is at least 1.1 times greater than the first length. The membrane module can be used in separation methods, such as membrane distillation methods.

A membrane module includes a housing. The housing includes a housing, comprising: a first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes, and a second plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes different from the first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes. The first plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes has a first length, and the second plurality of porous hollow fiber membranes has a second length that is at least 1.1 times greater than the first length. The membrane module can be used in separation methods, such as membrane distillation methods.

Described herein is a dry sorbent injection system and process for removing sulfur oxides from a flue gas. The process generally comprises treating the flue gas with a dry sorbent material to convert the sulfur oxides to sodium sulfate particulates. The sodium sulfate particulates may then be introduced into a mix tank with water to form sodium sulfate solution. The sodium sulfate solution may then be reacted with a calcium hydroxide slurry to produce a reaction mixture comprising calcium sulfate precipitate and a sodium hydroxide solution. The calcium sulfate (gypsum) may be recovered, and the sodium hydroxide solution may be recirculated to pre-treat the flue gas by removing at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide and/or cooling the flue gas stream.