Methods for the manufacture of sorbent compositions, sorbent compositions and methods for using the sorbent compositions. The methods include the utilization of an acidic halogen solution as a source of a halogen species that is dispersed on a solid sorbent. The use of the acidic halogen solution results in a highly active halogen species that demonstrates improved efficacy for the removal of heavy metal(s) from a flue gas. The sorbent composition includes a substantially amorphous halogen species associated with a solid sorbent such as powdered activated carbon (PAC).

The invention relates to a method for increasing the absorbency of a material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide with regard to sulfur oxides and/or other pollutants, in particular in flue gas, wherein the material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide is activated by heating said material to approximately 250° C. to approximately 750° C. for a time period of 1 minute to 12 hours.

The invention relates to a method for increasing the absorbency of a material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide with regard to sulfur oxides and/or other pollutants, in particular in flue gas, wherein the material containing alkaline-earth carbonate and alkaline-earth hydroxide is activated by heating said material to approximately 250° C. to approximately 750° C. for a time period of 1 minute to 12 hours.

A method for flue gas denotation includes the step of, in the presence of ammonia, enabling flue gas in a denitration reactor to pass through a plurality of catalyst beds from the bottom to the top to participate in a denitration reaction. Each catalyst bed contains a catalyst support component and a granular denitration catalyst stacked on the catalyst support component, and, in every single catalyst bed, the granular denitration catalyst moves along a same direction on the catalyst support component. Between every two adjacent catalyst beds, the granular denitration catalyst falls from the tail of a previous catalyst support component to the head of a next catalyst support component, making the granular denitration catalyst travel along the catalyst support components reciprocatively.

A method for flue gas denotation includes the step of, in the presence of ammonia, enabling flue gas in a denitration reactor to pass through a plurality of catalyst beds from the bottom to the top to participate in a denitration reaction. Each catalyst bed contains a catalyst support component and a granular denitration catalyst stacked on the catalyst support component, and, in every single catalyst bed, the granular denitration catalyst moves along a same direction on the catalyst support component. Between every two adjacent catalyst beds, the granular denitration catalyst falls from the tail of a previous catalyst support component to the head of a next catalyst support component, making the granular denitration catalyst travel along the catalyst support components reciprocatively.

A waste water processing system includes an upflow contacting column having a flue gas input for receiving flue gas having a temperature of at least 500 degrees F., a waste water input, and a flue gas output. The waste water input is coupled to a fluid injector, e.g., atomizing nozzles, positioned in the throat of a Venturi portion of the upflow contacting column or in a sidewall of the throat of the Venturi portion of the upflow contacting column. The flue gas in the upflow contacting column has a high velocity, e.g., a gas velocity exceeding 65 fps in the throat of the Venturi portion of the upflow contacting column at a position where the fluid injector is located. Drying additives such as recycled ash, lime, and/or cement may be, and sometimes are, input into the upflow contacting column downstream of the waste water input.

The invention relates to a method for reduction of HCl emission from a cement plant based on a treatment of a preheater (1) and/or bypass gas stream, characterized in that a cement raw meal, as a HCl absorber, is dispersed in the gas stream(s) from which HCl is to be removed; the cement raw meal is introduced from a raw mill (6) and/or a silo (8) into a pipe with a up going gas flow; the pipe being arranged in fluid communication at a point after a gas conditioning tower (7) and/or before a particle filter unit (5) and/or in a by-pass line before particle filter (4).

The invention relates to a method for reduction of HCl emission from a cement plant based on a treatment of a preheater (1) and/or bypass gas stream, characterized in that a cement raw meal, as a HCl absorber, is dispersed in the gas stream(s) from which HCl is to be removed; the cement raw meal is introduced from a raw mill (6) and/or a silo (8) into a pipe with a up going gas flow; the pipe being arranged in fluid communication at a point after a gas conditioning tower (7) and/or before a particle filter unit (5) and/or in a by-pass line before particle filter (4).

A system and a process for capturing Carbon Dioxide (CO.sub.2) from flue gases are disclosed. The process comprises feeding a flue gas comprising CO.sub.2 to at least one Rotary Packed Bed (RPB) absorber rotating circularly. A solvent may be provided through an inner radius of the RPB absorber. The solvent may move towards an outer radius of the RPB absorber. The solvent may react with the flue gas in a counter-current flow. The process further includes passing the flue gas through at least one of a water wash and an acid wash to remove traces of the solvent present in the flue gas. Finally, the solvent reacted with the CO.sub.2 may be thermally regenerated for re-utilizing the solvent back in the process.

A system and a process for capturing Carbon Dioxide (CO.sub.2) from flue gases are disclosed. The process comprises feeding a flue gas comprising CO.sub.2 to at least one Rotary Packed Bed (RPB) absorber rotating circularly. A solvent may be provided through an inner radius of the RPB absorber. The solvent may move towards an outer radius of the RPB absorber. The solvent may react with the flue gas in a counter-current flow. The process further includes passing the flue gas through at least one of a water wash and an acid wash to remove traces of the solvent present in the flue gas. Finally, the solvent reacted with the CO.sub.2 may be thermally regenerated for re-utilizing the solvent back in the process.