A composite membrane comprising: a. a porous support; b. a polymeric layer comprising dialkylsiloxane groups and a metal, the polymeric layer being present on the porous support; c. a discriminating layer present on the polymeric layer; and d. optionally a protective layer present on the discriminating layer wherein the polymeric layer has a molar ratio of metal:silicon of at least 0.0005.

The invention provides a porous hybrid matrix membrane support having at least one porous mesh layer of mesh densified to form a membrane mesh support and at least one porous filament layer of filaments that are generally non-woven, densified to form a membrane filament support. The filament layer is densified to provide a sufficiently small crevice depth in the membrane filament support that can help protect a membrane layer on the membrane filament support from rupturing. The membrane mesh support and the membrane filament support with micro-smooth surfaces can be integrally joined by diffusion bonding to resist separation across the adjoining surfaces. The combined, diffusion bonded support of both types of layers provide structural support sufficient for high pressures and provide substantial uniform permeability across the face of the structural support.

A separation material and method for separating and recovering a target gas from a mixed gas including the target gas and a hydrocarbon gas that has the same number of carbon atoms as the target gas, the target gas being a hydrocarbon gas having 2 or 4 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon double bond. This gas separation material includes: a metal complex containing a 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid; an ion of at least one type of metal (M); and an organic ligand (B) capable of bidentate coordination to the metal ion represented by general formula (1) or general formula (2), where (M), formula (1) and formula (2) are as defined herein. The metal complex has a composition represented by M.sup.2+.sub.2A.sup.2.sub.2B where M.sup.2+ is the ion of the metal (M), A.sup.2 is a 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylate dianion and B is the organic ligand (B) capable of bidentate coordination to the metal ion.

A microfiltration device comprises a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The substrate includes a cavity between the first surface and the second surface. The substrate further includes a microfilter including a frame part in contact with the substrate and a filter part abutting the cavity. The microfilter comprises in both the frame part and the filter part a semiconducting or conducting material.

Hydrogen-producing fuel processing systems and related methods. The systems include a hydrogen-producing region configured to produce a mixed gas stream from a feedstock stream, a hydrogen-separation membrane module having at least one hydrogen-selective membrane and configured to separate the mixed gas stream into a product hydrogen stream and a byproduct stream, and an oxidant delivery system configured to deliver an oxidant-containing stream to the hydrogen-separation membrane module in situ to increase hydrogen permeance of the hydrogen-selective membrane. The methods include operating a hydrogen-producing fuel processing system in a hydrogen-producing regime, and subsequently operating the hydrogen-producing fuel processing system in a restoration regime, in which an oxidant-containing stream is delivered to the hydrogen-separation membrane module in situ to expose the at least one hydrogen-selective membrane to the oxidant-containing stream to increase the hydrogen permeance of the at least one hydrogen-selective membrane.

Provided are flux enhancing inclusion complexes for preparing highly permeable thin film composite membranes, and processes that include adding the flux enhancing inclusion complexes to the organic phase or aqueous phase prior to interfacial polymerization of the thin film composite membrane. The thin film composite membranes are suitable for nanofiltration, and reverse and forward osmosis. The provided processes can include contacting a porous support membrane with an aqueous phase containing a polyamine to form a coated support membrane, and applying an organic phase containing a polyfunctional acid halide and a flux enhancing inclusion complex to the coated support membrane to interfacially polymerize the polyamine and the polyfunctional acid halide to form a discrimination layer to form thin film composite membranes.

A method of making a gas separation membrane by providing a plating vessel with a volume of plating solution of gas-selective metal ions into which is placed a porous support. The plating solution is circulated over a surface of the porous support while maintaining conditions within the plating vessel so as to promote the electroless deposition. The circulation rate of the plating solution is such as to enhance the metal deposition onto the surface of the porous support in the formation of the gas separation membrane.

Hydrogen purification devices and their components are disclosed. In some embodiments, the devices may include at least one foil-microscreen assembly disposed between and secured to first and second end frames. The at least one foil-microscreen assembly may include at least one hydrogen-selective membrane and at least one microscreen structure including a non-porous planar sheet having a plurality of apertures forming a plurality of fluid passages. The planar sheet may include generally opposed planar surfaces configured to provide support to the permeate side. The plurality of fluid passages may extend between the opposed surfaces. The at least one hydrogen-selective membrane may be metallurgically bonded to the at least one microscreen structure. In some embodiments, the devices may include a permeate frame having at least one membrane support structure that spans at least a substantial portion of an open region and that is configured to support at least one foil-microscreen assembly.

The disclosure relates to adapters, systems, and methods to connect a metal component and a ceramic component. The systems and methods generally include a metal header, a header seal and a zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) header.

A hydrogen production method that reduces carbon dioxide emissions outside the system is provided.

A hydrogen production method including: performing a dry reforming reaction to obtain a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a source gas containing methane and carbon dioxide in the presence of a dry reforming catalyst; performing a solid carbon capture reaction by reacting the synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst for capturing solid carbon to generate solid carbon from the carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas, thereby obtaining the solid carbon and a processed gas; and separating the processed gas into an emission gas and hydrogen to obtain hydrogen, wherein a content molar ratio CO/CO.sub.2 of a content of the carbon monoxide to a content of the carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas, reaction temperature T.sub.1 ( C.) of the dry reforming reaction, and reaction temperature T.sub.2 ( C.) of the solid carbon capture reaction satisfy the following condition (1):

[00001]$$\begin{gathered} \begin{array}{cc}\left[\mathrm{Formula}1\right]& \\ 450<T_2<750-\frac{300}{1+e^{\left(\frac{\mathrm{Inflection}-\left(\mathrm{CO}/{\mathrm{CO}}_2\right)}{\mathrm{Gradient}}\right)}} \\ \mathrm{wherein}\mathrm{Inflection}=\left(1.06{10}^{-4}\right){\left(T_1\right)}^2+\left(-0.13\right)T_1+40.\mathrm{Gradient}=\left(1.6910^{-4}\right){\left(T_1\right)}^2\end{array} \end{gathered}$$