A method of preparing a modified-metal surface. The method includes preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent; immersing a strip of the metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; immersing a strip of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; cleaning and drying the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; applying a chitosan solution to the surface in order to attach chitosan/modified chitosan to the phosphorous acid based modified surface; prepare the modified-metal surface; and cleaning and drying the modified-metal surface.

A new type of defoliant and the application thereof, specifically the application of a polyether compound in the preparation of defoliant, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. At least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I (R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2) or salts thereof is used for preparation of defoliants or defoliation synergists, wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group; the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH; the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50. The compound is a new defoliant featured with low cost, convenient usage and favorable defoliation effect, and it is safe for the environment.

A new type of defoliant and the application thereof, specifically the application of a polyether compound in the preparation of defoliant, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. At least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I (R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2) or salts thereof is used for preparation of defoliants or defoliation synergists, wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group; the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH; the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50. The compound is a new defoliant featured with low cost, convenient usage and favorable defoliation effect, and it is safe for the environment.

A new type of defoliant and the application thereof, specifically the application of a polyether compound in the preparation of defoliant, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. At least one of the polyether compound shown in Formula I (R.sub.1O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.nR.sub.2) or salts thereof is used for preparation of defoliants or defoliation synergists, wherein, the R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl or a phenolic group; the R.sub.2 is —H, —O(CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH or —O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CHOH).sub.mH; the n is 1-50, and m is 1-50. The compound is a new defoliant featured with low cost, convenient usage and favorable defoliation effect, and it is safe for the environment.

The present invention provides compositions comprising herbicidally active compounds (A) and (B), wherein (A) represents one or more compounds of the general formula (I) or agrochemically acceptable salts thereof [component (A)],

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and (B) represents one or more herbicides [component (B)]. The application further relates to a method and to the use of the herbicidal composition of the invention for controlling harmful plants or for regulating growth.

The present invention provides compositions comprising herbicidally active compounds (A) and (B), wherein (A) represents one or more compounds of the general formula (I) or agrochemically acceptable salts thereof [component (A)],

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and (B) represents one or more herbicides [component (B)]. The application further relates to a method and to the use of the herbicidal composition of the invention for controlling harmful plants or for regulating growth.

Provided is a method for controlling volunteer corn plants tolerant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibiting herbicides in a cultivation area of a dicot crop, including a step of applying an Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicide to the corn plants.

Provided is a method for controlling volunteer corn plants tolerant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibiting herbicides in a cultivation area of a dicot crop, including a step of applying an Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicide to the corn plants.

The present invention relates to methods of and compositions for reducing loss in pesticide application, the method comprising the steps of a) combining an anionic pesticide and a buffer, and b) applying the resulting composition to plants or to seed, soil, or habitat of said plants.

The present invention relates to methods of and compositions for reducing loss in pesticide application, the method comprising the steps of a) combining an anionic pesticide and a buffer, and b) applying the resulting composition to plants or to seed, soil, or habitat of said plants.