A foam production method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with a foaming material to produce foam. A gas is produced in situ from liquid nitrogen. As the ratio of the volume of the gas produced by gasification of liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen is relatively high, when a large gas supply flow is needed to generate a large foam flow, a liquid nitrogen storage device of a small volume can be used instead of bulky air supply devices such as high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, air compressor sets and the like, reducing the volume of the air supply device. In addition, the liquid nitrogen used in foaming will release nitrogen gas after the foam blast, such that the nitrogen is also able to inhibit combustion on the surface of burning materials, accelerating the extinguishing of the fire.

The present disclosure relates to an electrochemical flow reactor, such as a continuous flow electrochemical tubular reactor. This disclosure also relates to processes, systems, and methods comprising an electrochemical flow reactor. An electrochemical flow cell can comprise a reaction chamber, a first static mixer electrode, a second counter electrode, and a separator disposed between the first and second electrodes.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for manufacturing an adjuvant comprising a saponin using a microfluidic device and to aspects thereof.

A fine bubble generation device in one aspect of the present disclosure is a device that generates fine bubbles in a liquid by causing the liquid to pass through a porous element having many pores. In the fine bubble generation device, a differential pressure is applied between first and second sides of the element, and, by the applied differential pressure, the liquid disposed on the first side of the element is passed through the element and is jetted toward the second side to thereby generate fine bubbles. In this fine bubble generation device, the flow speed of the liquid during passage through the element is 0.009769 [m/s] or higher. The fine bubbles can thereby be generated efficiently.

The invention generally relates to a mixing device. In certain embodiments, devices of the invention include a fluidic inlet, a fluidic outlet, and a chamber, the chamber being configured to produce a plurality of fluidic vortexes within the chamber.

The present invention generally relates to emulsions, and more particularly, to multiple emulsions. In one aspect, multiple emulsions are formed by urging a fluid into a channel, e.g., by causing the fluid to enter the channel as a jet. Multiple fluids may flow through a channel collinearly before multiple emulsion droplets are formed. The fluidic channels may also, in certain embodiments, include varying degrees of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. In some cases, the average cross-sectional dimension may change, e.g., at an intersection. Unexpectedly, systems such as those described herein may be used to encapsulate fluids in single or multiple emulsions that are difficult or impossible to encapsulate using other techniques, such as fluids with low surface tension, viscous fluids, or viscoelastic fluids. Other aspects of the invention are generally directed to methods of making and using such systems, kits involving such systems, emulsions created using such systems, or the like.

A method and apparatus are provided for mixing highly viscous fluids to form a mixture. The mixture is created rapidly and has a high level of uniformity. The mixture is created by utilizing induced viscous fluid folding under the influence of an electric field. The electric field is introduced by connecting a nozzle dispensing the fluids in parallel to a voltage supply and grounding a collection plate located below the nozzle. When a certain voltage is applied the co-flow viscous fluids start to fold because the electric field exerts stress on the surface of the fluids, which results in changes of the geometry and dynamics of the viscous fluids. Control of the electric field provides great control over the mixture.

Embodiments of the present invention include a method and system for controlling the flow rate of materials into and out of the blender. The system includes the control and management of an on-site storage system for each component of a mixture, regulating the delivery rate of a blend mixture into a blender hopper, regulating the exit rate of the blended mixture from the blender hopper, and coordinating the flow of materials into and out of the blender.

A system for movement of fluid in a tank comprises: a tank; at least two pumping sets, each pumping set comprising: a pumping line external to the tank and in fluidic communication with the interior of the tank at two separate points of the tank via the two ends of said pumping line, and a pump configured to circulate fluid through the pumping line, wherein each pumping set is configured to collect fluid from the tank at one end of its respective pumping line, circulate the fluid through its respective pumping line and discharge the fluid into said tank through the other end of its respective pumping line, and wherein each pumping set is configured such that the flow of fluid in its respective pumping line is reversible.

Method and associated apparatus (1) for bringing together one or more first bodies comprising a first substance with one or more second bodies comprising a second substance for the purpose of the first and second bodies, or the first and second substances contained therein, chemically and/or physically reacting together. the apparatus (1) comprising: a container (48) containing a dielectric medium (50) comprising one or more dielectric materials. especially one or more dielectric fluids or pseudo-fluids: first means (10N; 30, 36, 14, 10T) for forming the said one or more first bodies comprising the first substance and applying thereto an electric charge of a first polarity. and second means (20N; 30, 38, 24, 20T) for forming the said one or more second bodies comprising the second substance and applying thereto an electric charge of a second polarity. the first polarity being opposite to the second polarity: wherein the first and second forming means (10N, 30, 36, 14, 10T; 20N, 30, 38, 24, 20T) are each arranged for forming the respective said one or more charged first bodies and one or more charged second bodies such that each thereof is located in the said dielectric fluid medium (50) contained in the container (48), and such that the one or more charged first bodies and the one or more oppositely charged second bodies each have a size or width of at least about 0.01 mm or greater. especially of at least about 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.04 or 0.05 mm or greater;: whereby, once formed in the said dielectric medium (50), the oppositely polarised electric charges on the said first and second bodies causes or promotes electrostatic attraction between one or more respective pairs of the one or more first bodies and the one or more second bodies.