A method comprises the steps of receiving a wastewater containing solid particles in suspension, agitating the wastewater for a specified agitation period under specified agitation conditions sufficient to enable auto-flocculation of at least a portion of the solid particles into flocs to provide an agitated wastewater, allowing the agitated wastewater to settle for a specified sedimentation period to allow at least a portion of the flocs to settle, and separating at least a portion of the settled flocs from the agitated wastewater to provide a clarified wastewater effluent.

A method of cell culture and a method of generating organoids is provided. The methods utilize a cell culture system which includes a multiwell culture plate having shafts for mixing culture media within wells of the culture plate. The multiwell culture plate includes a base substrate having a plurality of culture wells, and a shaft operably associated with each culture well, each shaft being configured to mix media present in each culture well and having a gear adapted to operably associate with a gear on a shaft associated with an adjacent culture well. The system further includes a motor having a drive shaft in operable communication with the shaft gears of the multiwell culture plate. The system can be widely used as a standard platform to generate stem cell-derived human organoids for any tissue and for high-throughput drug screenings, toxicity testing, and modeling normal human organ development and diseases.

In an embodiment, a reactor for carrying out a melt transesterification reaction at a reactor temperature of 160 to 300 C. and a reactor pressure of 5 to 200 mbar, comprises a cylindrical tank comprising a top, a side, and a bottom, wherein the bottom is convex, extending away from the top; a stirring shaft disposed within the cylindrical tank along an axis thereof so that it is rotatable from outside of the cylindrical tank; an impeller extending from the stirring shaft in the cylindrical tank and comprising a plurality of blades; a reactant solution inlet; a reaction solution outlet; and an externally located heat exchanger in fluid communication with the cylindrical tank via a recirculation stream and a heated stream. The reactor can be used for the polymerization of a polycarbonate oligomer.

A cold water saponification method is disclosed. The method is for preferred use in industrial applications such as mining operations wherein saponification of fatty acids is required. Broadly, the method comprises the steps of filling a tank with a solution comprising water, a base and fatty acids, installing a mixer capable of creating a vortex in order to effectively saponify fatty acid particles. The use of a high-shear mixer installed vertically has been proven successful in saponifying fatty acids in cold water.

A flask for containing mold sand within it prevents any mold shifting or mold dropping. Each of an upper flask 2 and a lower flask 3 includes a body that defines an opening in which a sand mold is to be molded. The body has at least one inlet 101 for introducing the mold sand into the opening. Two flanges 102 are extended from the body such that they are opposed to each other across the opening. Each flange has a through bore. The flask also includes engaging members for engaging an actuator in the outside of the flask such that a force or forces from said actuator could be transmitted to the flask. An upper flask 104 and a lower flask 105 are opposed to each other across a pattern plate 107. They are integrally assembled to make a flask unit by means of a pair of connecting rods 106 that are fitted in each bore.

An apparatus for enhancing phase contact and chemical reactions is provided. The apparatus comprises at least one high-turbulence mixing stage and at least one high-shear-stress and high-cavitation stage. The stages are adapted to cause an increase in relative sliding speeds of phases involved in a multiphase flow passing through the stages. The high-shear-stress and high-cavitation stage comprises a rotor having radial teeth housed in a cavitation chamber surrounded by a stator having radial teeth. The facing surfaces of the radial teeth have a parabolic profile in circumferential direction. For each tooth, the parabolic profile lies along a curve of a parabola of which a vertex is arranged at a rear edge of the tooth, with respect to a direction of rotation of the rotor, and along a radius extending from the rear edge to a center of the rotor. The focus of the parabola is also located on the radius.

A method for producing a sealant includes a weighing and mixing step, a kneading step, a stirring and defoaming step, and a filling step. In the weighing and mixing step, a main component and a curing agent are weighed and mixed together. In the kneading step, the mixture mixed in the weighing and mixing step is kneaded. In the stirring and defoaming step, the kneaded product kneaded in the kneading step is stirred and defoamed. In the filling step, the kneaded product defoamed in the stirring and defoaming step is filled into a container. In the stirring and defoaming step, the kneaded product is stirred under a condition wherein a stirring rotational speed at which the kneaded product is stirred and a stirring time for which the kneaded product is stirred are within a range from a product lower limit value to a product upper limit value.

A nut paste preparation for food and beverages is formed by processing blanched, unroasted nuts into a nut based flour having a mean particle size between about 0.002 and 0.012 inches. The processing occurs without adding water and oil. The temperature during processing does not exceed 140 degrees Fahrenheit. The nut based flour is sheared without adding water and oil to form a nut paste. The temperature during shearing does not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit. The nut paste after shearing has a mean particle size of about 1 to about 40 microns.

A food and beverage paste preparation is formed by delivering a flour derived from nuts, seeds, grain or beans into a shear mixer. The flour may have a mean particle size between about 0.002 and 0.012 inches and a moisture content between about 4 to about 6 percent. The flour is sheared without adding water for mixing to form a food and beverage paste. The temperature during shearing does not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit and the food and beverage paste after shearing has a mean particle size of about 1 to about 40 microns.

A continuous mixing apparatus for a powder/granular material and a viscous liquid, with a mixing cylinder, a shaft member which is on a central axis of the mixing cylinder and rotates inside the mixing cylinder, and a plurality of mixing paddles disposed on a surface of the shaft member, wherein the mixing cylinder is with a powder/granular material feed port on one end portion, a mixed material discharge port on the other end portion, and a viscous liquid injection unit between the powder/granular material feed port and the mixed material discharge port, and the plurality of mixing paddles are disposed on the shaft member so as to form a spiral around the central axis, the plurality of mixing paddles being, in at least a portion between the viscous liquid injection unit and the mixed material discharge port, attached to provide first rows having an attachment angle of 5 to 60.