A synergistic composition can be used to treat water containing nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds. The synergistic composition includes iron filings, clay particles, aluminum particles, and sand particles. The iron filings, clay particles, and aluminum particles act synergistically to remove nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds from water. Specifically, the clay particles attract the nitrogen compounds and the phosphorus compounds to be absorbed onto a surface of the iron filings and the clay particles. The aluminum particles react with the nitrogen compounds via an oxidation reaction to form ammonia compounds, and react with the phosphorus compounds to produce aluminum phosphate. As such, the synergistic relationship between the iron filings, clay particles, and aluminum particles remove nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from water and recover the compounds in usable forms, namely, ammonia and aluminum phosphate.

The invention relates to a corrosion-resistant, reactive adsorbent which is made up of element iron on a carbon carrier plus sulfur and additional phosphorus as well as a method for producing this reactive adsorbent and use thereof for removal of reductively degradable pollutants in contaminated groundwater and wastewater.

There is provided an activated carbon having a high total trihalomethane filtration capacity, even in water treatment by passing water at a high superficial velocity (SV). In the activated carbon of the present invention, a pore volume A of pores with a size of 1.0 nm or less, of pore volumes calculated by the QSDFT method, is 0.3 cc/g or more, and a pore volume B of pores with a size of 3.0 nm or more and 3.5 nm or less, of pore volumes calculated by the QSDFT method, is 0.009 cc/g or more.

The present invention relates to the use of a particulate mineral material being functionalized with one or more reducing agents for lowering the amount of heavy metal contaminants ions from an aqueous medium. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corresponding process for lowering the amount of heavy metal contaminants from an aqueous medium as well as to a functionalized particulate mineral material. Additionally, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a functionalized particulate mineral material and to a scavenging complex.

The present invention provides an oxygen scavenger composition comprising a granule having: an α layer containing a water retention agent, a swelling agent, a metal salt and water; a β layer containing iron; and a γ layer containing a porous support, wherein the granule forms a layer structure in order of the α layer, the β layer and the γ layer from an inside to an outside of the granule.

A xenon adsorbent capable of efficiently adsorbing xenon, even at a low concentration, from a mixture gas is Provided. A xenon adsorbent comprising a zeolite having a pore size in the range of 3.5 to 5 Å and a silica alumina molar ratio in the range of 10 to 30.

A method is disclosed for synthesizing nanofilters for water treatment. The method includes: dispersing an active binding agent in an organic solvent solution to create a suspension of the active binding agent and the solution of the solvent; dissolving an organic polymer resin and an anionic surfactant in the suspension of the active binding agent and the solvent solution to create a sol gel; and electrospinning the sol gel to form electrospun nanofiber composites with embedded, surface-active nanoparticles.

Systems, devices, and techniques described herein relate to iron-based desalination of water. In some cases, an inflow of water including chlorine and sodium can be received. A plurality of iron nanoparticles may capture the chlorine and the sodium. The iron nanoparticles may at least partially include Zero Valent Iron (ZVI). An outflow of the water may be emitted. The chlorine and the sodium may be omitted from the outflow.

Methods for treating water containing a target anion to remove the target anion can include preparing a treatment composition solution that contains a metal treatment agent, adjusting the treatment composition solution to a first pH that is alkaline and then to a second pH that is acidic, and contacting the treatment composition solution with the water that contains the target anion.

A first process and sorbent for removing ammonia from a gaseous environment, the sorbent comprised of graphene oxide having supported thereon at least one compound selected from metal salts, metal oxides and acids, each of which is capable of adsorbing ammonia. A second process and sorbent system for removing ammonia and a volatile organic compound from a gaseous environment; the sorbent system comprised of two graphene-based materials: (a) the aforementioned graphene oxide, and (b) a nitrogen and oxygen-functionalized graphene. The sorbents are regenerable under a pressure gradient with little or no application of heat. The processes are operable through multiple adsorption-desorption cycles and are applicable to purifying and revitalizing air contaminated with ammonia and organic compounds as may be found in spacesuits, aerospace cabins, underwater vehicles, and other confined-entry environments.