The disclosure relates to copper oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them. The sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more sulfur species from gas streams. The sorbents comprise a porous silica support material impregnated with CuO nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are uniformly distributed throughout the porous silica support and sulfur compounds are adsorbed on the nanoparticles.

Methods of preparing a mercury sorbent material are provided. The methods comprise making a copper/clay mixture by admixing a dry clay and a dry copper source; making a sulfur/clay mixture by admixing a dry clay and a dry sulfur source; admixing the copper/clay mixture and the sulfur/clay mixture, to form a mercury sorbent pre-mixture; and shearing the mercury sorbent pre-mixture to form the mercury sorbent material. Various substrates may be used with or instead of the clay, and various additives may be added to the copper, sulfur, clay, or mixture thereof.

A method for preparing a sorbent composition includes the steps of: applying, from a solution or a slurry, a layer of a copper compound on the surface of a support material, and drying the coated support material, wherein the thickness of the copper compound layer on the dried support is in the range 1-200 m.
The precursor may be converted to a sorbent suitable for removing heavy metals from liquids or gases by applying one or more sulphur compounds to sulphide the copper compound and form CuS.

A sulfur removal system including a first reactor and a second reactor that are located in series to one another each having an adsorbent that includes cobalt and copper on an activated carbon support, a method of desulfurizing a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon stream via the sulfur removal system, and a method of making the adsorbent. Various embodiments of the sulfur removal system, the desulfurizing method, and the method of making the adsorbent is also provided.

The present invention provides a method for performing a purification treatment on a harmful substance-containing liquid, the method enabling an efficient purification treatment of a harmful substance-containing liquid by using dissolved ozone being an oxidizing agent with high level of safety, and a harmful substance-containing liquid purification treatment apparatus for carrying out the method. A method for performing a purification treatment on a harmful substance-containing liquid, the method comprising adding and mixing dissolved ozone into a harmful substance-containing liquid containing a harmful substance, thereafter bringing the harmful substance-containing liquid into contact with a transition metal-containing oxide having a BET specific surface area of 80 m.sup.2/g or more, adsorbing ozone, and adsorbing a harmful substance, and then allowing the harmful substance-containing liquid to flow to accelerate oxidation of the harmful substance by dissolved ozone, thereby performing a highly efficient oxidative decomposition, and a harmful substance-containing liquid purification treatment apparatus for carrying out the method.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a deodorant or a deodorant composition which has excellent deodorizing performance with respect to sulfurous stench from methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide and the like. It is another object of the present invention to provide a deodorant or a deodorant composition which maintains a deodorizing effect with respect to sulfurous stench and which makes it possible to suppress resin deterioration in the case of being kneaded into a resin, and a deodorizing product containing the same. A deodorant of the present invention contains amorphous copper silicate represented by the following formula [1]:
xNa.sub.2O.yCuO.SiO.sub.2.zH.sub.2O[1] wherein, in formula [1], x is a positive number from 0.002 to 0.040, y is a positive number from 0.07 to 0.48, and z is a positive number from 0.02 to 0.30.

Oxygen carriers for chemical looping and scalable methods of preparation thereof. Wet impregnation of active metal precursors into porous substrates, together with selective adsorption of the precursors on the pore surfaces, enables transition metal oxides derived from the precursors to disperse throughout the substrate, even at the nanoscale, without increased sintering or agglomeration, thereby forming oxygen carriers suitable for chemical looping. The porous substrate can be an oxide, for example SiO.sub.2. The oxygen carriers can comprise relatively large oxide loadings of over about 20 wt. % and exhibit high reactivity over many regeneration cycles with substantially no loss in oxygen transport capacity or decrease in kinetics. The use of multiple transition metal oxides, for example NiO in addition to CuO, can greatly enhance chemical looping performance.

Copper sorbents which are resistant to the reduction by hydrogen are used as a guard bed for an acetylene conversion zone. The adsorbents include cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, copper metal, and a halide and are pre-reduced prior to be loaded into the guard bed. The sorbents can remove contaminants that would poison selective hydrogenation catalysts used for a selectively hydrogenating acetylenic compounds in an olefin stream. The sorbents may also selectively hydrogenate the acetylenic compounds.

Copper adsorbents which are resistant to the reduction by the components of the synthesis gas at normal operation conditions. The adsorbents are produced by admixing small amounts of an inorganic halide, such as NaCl, to the basic copper carbonate precursor followed by calcination at a temperature sufficient to decompose the carbonate. The introduction of the halide can be also achieved during the forming stage of adsorbent preparation. These reduction resistant copper oxides can be in the form of composites with alumina and are especially useful for purification of synthesis gas and the removal of mercury, arsine, phosphine, as well as hydrogen sulfide.

The method according to this disclosure is a method for separating an unsaturated hydrocarbon having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and a halogenated unsaturated carbon compound formed by replacing at least one of hydrogen atoms included in the unsaturated hydrocarbon with a fluorine atom, from each other and is a method for selectively adsorbing either the unsaturated hydrocarbon or the halogenated unsaturated carbon compound by a porous coordination polymer that includes a metallic ion having a valence of 2 to 4 and an aromatic anion having 1 to 6 aromatic ring(s).