The present disclosure is directed to a desulphurization agent for removing sulphurous species from a diluent or process stream, and a use of such agent. In some examples, the agent may include a compound of manganese, pore forming particles and a compound of copper. The agent may be introduced into or mixed with the diluent or process stream to effectuate removal of sulphurous species from the diluent or process stream.

The invention relates to composite adsorbent materials, and in particular, to highly porous carbon-based composite materials for the adsorption and stabilization of inorganic substances. The composite adsorbent material comprises a porous carbon carrier matrix and an adsorbent species, wherein the adsorbent species is precipitated within the pores of the carrier matrix. The invention extends to various uses of such adsorbent materials, for example in water purification, recovery of metals from waste streams and remediation applications, and where the adsorbant material is amended into soil, waste etc. for the purpose of breaking pollutant-receptor linkages.

A four-axial-fins fixed bed reactor for use with calcium aluminate carbonates CO.sub.2 sorbents is provided. The four-axial-fins fixed bed reactor includes a tubular reactor and a four-axial-fins tube. The tubular reactor has a tubular reactor inner wall. The four-axial-fins tube is disposed in the tubular reactor, wherein the four-axial-fins tube includes a tube and four axial fins. The tube has a tube outer wall. An annular space is formed between the tube and the tubular reactor. The four axial fins extend along the radial direction of the tubular reactor from the tube outer wall to connect the tubular reactor inner wall, wherein the annular space is equally divided by the four axial fins.

A concentration agent for microorganisms is provided that contains both lanthanum and carbonate. Additionally, articles that include the concentration agent and methods of concentrating a microorganism using the concentration agent are provided.

The present invention relates to cylinder packages utilized in the delivery of highly toxic and/or flammable compounds to semiconductor manufacturers. More specifically, the present invention provides a cartridge adapted to removably attach to the gas outlet of a gas discharge passageway in a cylinder valve provided on a toxic gas containing cylinder package, the cartridge comprising a cylindrically shaped housing having at least one end fitted with a barrier member permeable to the toxic gas contained within the cylinder package and the housing containing a toxic-gas getter material.

A method for removing a heavy metal from water includes subjecting a microbial solution containing a liquid culture of a urease-producing bacterial strain and a reaction solution containing a manganese compound and urea to a microbial-induced precipitation reaction, so as to obtain biomineralized manganese carbonate (MnCO.sub.3) particles, admixing the biomineralized MnCO.sub.3 particles with water containing a heavy metal, so that the biomineralized MnCO.sub.3 particles adsorb the heavy metal in the water to form a precipitate, and removing the precipitate from the water.