The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for recharging zirconium phosphate in a reusable zirconium phosphate sorbent module. The devices, systems, and methods provide for customization of the zirconium phosphate effluent pH based on the needs of the user and system. The devices systems and methods also provide for calculation of the volumes of recharge solution needed for fully recharging the zirconium phosphate modules.

A family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves designated PST-19 has been synthesized. These high charge density metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:
R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sup.+.sub.mM.sup.2+.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z
where A is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as tetraethylammonium, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The PST-19 family of materials are among the first MeAPO-type molecular sieves to be stabilized by combinations of alkali and quaternary ammonium cations, enabling unique compositions. The PST-19 family of molecular sieves has the SBS topology and catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

The invention relates to systems and methods for disinfecting, recharging, and conditioning zirconium phosphate in a reusable sorbent module. The systems and methods provide for reuse of a zirconium phosphate sorbent module after dialysis.

Provided is a mercury adsorbent that can efficiently adsorb and remove mercury and/or a mercury compound contained in a liquid hydrocarbon and can suppress corrosive action even when used for a long time. The mercury adsorbent comprises an activated carbon including a mineral acid supported thereon, the activated carbon having a specific surface area of 1000 m.sup.2/g or larger and a volume of micropores of 80 cm.sup.3/g or larger, each of the micropores having a pore radius of 8 ? or smaller, and the mercury adsorbent has a moisture content of from 0.1 to 3 wt %.

The present invention relates to a process for the detection and adsorption of arsenic from ground water and industrial waste water using lanthanide doped nanoparticles. More particularly, the present invention provides a process for the detection and adsorption arsenic in ppm level using Eu.sub.0.05Y.sub.0.95PO.sub.4 nanoparticles.

A dialysis system comprising: a sorbent cartridge including a zirconium phosphate layer followed by at least one of a urease layer, a zirconium oxide layer, or a carbon layer; a pump in fluid communication sorbent cartridge; and a control unit in operable communication with the pump, wherein the control unit is programmed to cause the pump to pump a dialysis fluid to flow (i) in a first direction through the sorbent cartridge, wherein the zirconium phosphate layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer and (ii) in a second direction through the sorbent cartridge wherein the at least one of the urease layer, zirconium oxide layer or carbon layer is contacted by the dialysis fluid before the zirconium phosphate layer.

Control logic and processes for monitoring and controlling sorbent rechargers are presented. The control logic and processes use control systems to monitor the rechargers for performance problems and to control the recharging process. Various sensors in communication with the control systems are provided to ensure proper operation.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for recharging zirconium phosphate and/or zirconium oxide in reusable sorbent modules. The devices, systems, and methods provide for precision recharging of the zirconium phosphate and/or zirconium oxide to avoid the need of excess recharge solutions. The devices systems and methods also provide for calculation of the volumes of recharge solution needed for fully recharging the zirconium phosphate and zirconium oxide modules.

The invention relates to systems and methods for recharging sorbent materials and other rechargeable dialysis components. The systems and methods include rechargers, flow paths, and related components for connecting multiple rechargers together to sharing infrastructure and resources. The rechargeable dialysis components can include zirconium phosphate, zirconium oxide, and other sorbent cartridge materials including any combination thereof or any other rechargeable component of a dialysis system. Additionally, a single-use cartridge or a multi-use cartridge can be used in the present invention.

Provided is a method for maintaining a preset air pressure of a low-pressure chamber. The method may comprise the steps of: measuring the inside air pressure of a low-pressure chamber; if the difference between the inside air pressure and a preset air pressure is the same or higher than a threshold value, adjusting the inside temperature of the low-pressure chamber by using a thermal conduction part disposed inside the low-pressure chamber; and by using a getter, making the difference to be below the threshold value by adsorbing or releasing molecules inside the low-pressure chamber according to the adjustment of the temperature