A water filtration membrane is provided, capable of removing heavy metal ions, filtering out particulates, filtering out bacteria, as well as removing herbicides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water. The membrane is composed of a mat of randomly oriented nanoparticle-coated nanofibers. The nanofibers are covalently bonded to a plurality of substantially uniformly-distributed ceramic nanoparticles embedded in or adhered on the surface of the polymer nanofibers through reactive functional groups. The ceramic nanoparticles have a pattern of deep grooves formed on the nanoparticle surfaces. The bonding of the nanoparticles to the nanofibers is sufficient to retain the nanoparticles on the nanofiber surfaces when water flows through the water filtration membrane. The diameter of the nanofibers is 50-200 nm. The size of the nanoparticles is <40 nm, with a zeta potential of −40 to −45 mV in a dispersion medium. The nanoparticle deep grooves have an average size of approximately 1.2 nm or less.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of analytical chemistry, in particular to synthesis and application of a nanomaterial for removal of patulin (Pat). The present disclosure adopts 2-Oxin as a substitute template, AM as a functional monomer, and synthetic Fe.sub.3O4@SiO.sub.2@CS-GO magnetic nanoparticles as a carrier, for preparing a magnetic MIP specific for Pat adsorption by surface imprinting. The addition of Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 makes the finally prepared molecular imprinted adsorbent material magnetic, thereby facilitating separation of a material from a matrix, eliminating complicated operation steps such as filtration and centrifugation, and facilitating recovery of materials.

The present invention relates to a hybrid membrane mixed with nanoparticles including a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF), and a gas separation method using the same. A hybrid membrane according to the present invention comprises a polymer matrix, and nanoparticles which are dispersed in the polymer matrix and include the ZIF.

A molybdenum sulfide powder according to the invention contains molybdenum disulfide having a 3R crystal structure. A heavy-metal adsorbent according to the invention contains molybdenum sulfide particles, and the molybdenum sulfide particles have a median diameter Dso of 10 nm to 1,000 nm obtained by a dynamic light scattering type particle diameter distribution measuring device. A photothermal conversion material according to the invention contains a material containing molybdenum sulfide particles and generates heat by absorbing light energy.

The present disclosure provides a filter for removing contaminants from a liquid or gaseous medium including a woven or nonwoven sheet of entangled carbon nanotubes. The present disclosure also provides a method for reducing the concentration of contaminants in a liquid or gaseous medium by contacting the liquid or gaseous medium with the filter.

The methods of the invention employ targeted magnetic particles, preferably targeted nanomagnetic particles, and targeted buoyant particles such as buoyant microparticles and microbubbles. Among the benefits of the invention is the ability to combine targeted magnetic particles with differentially targeted buoyant particles to achieve separation of two or more specifically cell targeted populations during the same work flow.

A filter medium for removal of contaminants from wastewater. The filter medium includes a walnut shell particle having a metal hydro(oxide) nanoparticle bonded to the surface of the nut shell particle. The filter medium is particularly useful for treating produced water and wastewater generated in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) in recovery of hydrocarbons from oil sands to remove total organic carbon and silica. Processes for preparing the filter medium and for treating wastewater using the filter medium are also provided.

An embodiment ceria-alumina support (CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support) includes a nano-ceria having a shape of a polygonal bipyramid or a truncated polygonal bipyramid supported on alumina. An embodiment noble metal catalyst for treating exhaust gas includes a noble metal deposited on a ceria-alumina support (CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 support) that includes a nano-ceria having a shape of a polygonal bipyramid or a truncated polygonal bipyramid supported on alumina. An embodiment method for affecting resistance to sulfur-poisoning of a noble metal catalyst through structural transformation of nano-ceria supported on alumina includes performing a hydrothermal treatment of ceria supported on γ-alumina.

Nano-sized mixed metal oxide carriers capable of delivering a well treatment additive for a sustained or extended period of time in the environment of use, methods of making the nanoparticles, and uses thereof are described herein. The nanoparticles can have a formula of:
A/[M.sub.x.sup.1M.sub.y.sup.2M.sub.z.sup.3]O.sub.nH.sub.m
where x is 0.03 to 3, y is 0.01 to 0.4, z is 0.01 to 0.4 and n and m are determined by the oxidation states of the other elements, and M.sup.1 can be aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), or thallium (Tl). M.sup.2 and M.sup.3 are not the same and can be a Column 2 metal, Column 14 metal, or a transition metal. A is can be a treatment additive.

A DNA complex includes a carrier and DNA immobilized on the carrier. 80% or more by mass of the DNA is single-stranded DNA, the DNA has an average molecular weight of 500,000 or less, and the DNA content is more than 15% by mass and 50% or less by mass of the DNA complex. The carrier contains an inorganic material. The DNA complex has an average particle size of 10 μm or more.