A highly adsorptive structure includes: a substrate; and a metal-organic framework (MOF) comprising a plurality of metal atoms coordinated to a plurality of organic spacer molecules; wherein the MOF is coupled to at least one surface of the substrate, wherein the MOF is configured to adsorb and desorb a refrigerant under predetermined thermodynamic conditions. The refrigerant includes one or more materials selected from the group consisting of: acid halides, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, chlorofluorocarbons, esters, ethers, fluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, halocarbons, halogenated aldehydes, halogenated amines, halogenated hydrocarbons, halomethanes, hydrocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, hydrofluoroolefins, inorganic gases, ketones, nitrocarbon compounds, noble gases, organochlorine compounds, organofluorine compounds, organophosphorous compounds, organosilicon compounds, oxide gases, refrigerant blends and thiols.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based porous material microscopically exhibiting a three-dimensional cross-linked net-like hierarchical pore structures with micropores nested in mesopores that are in turn nested in macropores. Such material provides for accelerated adsorption and desorption rates and lower desorption temperatures for recovery of organic gas molecules.

The present invention provides novel chromatographic materials, e.g., for chromatographic separations, processes for its preparation and separations devices containing the chromatographic material; separations devices, chromatographic columns and kits comprising the same; and methods for the preparation thereof. The chromatographic materials of the invention are chromatographic materials comprising having a narrow particle size distribution.

Sulfur-crosslinked olefins, particularly sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon products having one or more sulfur-crosslinked olefin moieties, may undergo pyrolysis to form sulfur-doped porous carbon having high BET surface area values. Pyrolysis to form the sulfur-doped porous carbon may be particularly efficacious in the presence of a hydroxide base. BET surface areas up to 2000 m.sup.2/g or even higher may be obtained. Such sulfur-doped porous carbon may be prepared by combining a heavy hydrocarbon product with sulfur, heating to a first temperature state to form a liquefied reaction mixture containing a sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon, homogeneously mixing a hydroxide base with the liquefied reaction mixture, and pyrolyzing the sulfur-crosslinked heavy hydrocarbon to form sulfur-doped porous carbon.

An adsorbent includes a porous substrate and a carboxylic acid dimer loaded onto the porous substrate. The carboxylic acid dimer is loaded on the surface or in the plurality of holes of the porous substrate. The average pore size of the porous substrate is not smaller than 2 nm. The carboxylic acid dimer is loaded onto the porous substrate by at least one of the following manners: a) the carboxylic acid dimer is loaded onto the porous substrate through a Si—OH bond; b) the carboxylic acid dimer is loaded onto the porous substrate through the exchange between a carboxyl group and chlorine; c) the carboxylic acid dimer is loaded onto the porous substrate through the exchange between a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group; and d) the carboxylic acid dimer is loaded onto the porous substrate through the coordination of a carboxyl group and aluminum or silicon.

A water harvesting device includes at least a first adsorption column including a first inlet, a first outlet, and a first interior region. A sorbent material is located within the first interior region of the first adsorption column. The sorbent material includes a metal organic framework (MOF) material including a plurality of metal ions or clusters of metal ions coordinated to one or more organic linkers, a plurality of nanofabrics comprising a hydrogel material, or a combination thereof.

Natural gas storage units and methods for reducing effects of fluctuating demand on natural gas, a natural gas storage facility including an adsorbed natural gas storage unit containing carbon-based adsorbents; a temperature control system coupled to the adsorbed natural gas storage unit to regulate temperature of the adsorbed natural gas storage unit; and a compressor system coupled to the adsorbed natural gas storage unit to regulate pressure of the adsorbed natural gas storage unit.

Novel radioactive iodide molecular traps, in which one or more metal atoms are functionalized by coordinating to an amine containing two or more nitrogens, and methods of using the molecular traps to capture radioactive iodide.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new form of adsorbent suitable for a motor vehicle canister. An activated carbon fiber sheet satisfies one or two or more of conditions for indices, such as a specific surface area, a pore volume of pores having a given pore diameter, and a sheet density. An embodiment, for example, may have: a specific surface area ranging from 1400 to 2200 m.sup.2/g; a pore volume ranging from 0.20 to 1.20 cm.sup.3/g for pores having pore diameters of more than 0.7 nm and 2.0 nm or less; and a sheet density ranging from 0.030 to 0.200 g/cm.sup.3.

The present disclosure relates to hydrocarbon emission control systems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to substrates coated with hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions and evaporative emission control systems for controlling evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons from motor vehicle engines and fuel systems. The hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions include particulate carbon having a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g, and at least one of (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g.